基于光伏发电的LED照明系统的研究与实现-电力电子与电力传动专业论文.docxVIP

- - I - 摘 要 光伏发电的 LED 照明系统主要包括以下几部分：太阳能电池板、高亮 LED 灯、 储能蓄电池、控制系统、蓄电池充电电路和负载供电电路。高亮 LED 灯选用高效节 能、环保无污染、使用寿命长的高亮发光二极管。蓄电池充电电路采用电流检测为 内环，电压检测为外环的双环结构，并结合最大功率跟踪算法，保证了太阳能电池 输出功率最大和蓄电池充电的精确控制。在对太阳能电池板最大功率方面采取了滞 环比较法和增量电导法的联合使用，克服了系统的震荡，提高了系统在光照变化条 件下对最大功率点追踪的能力。在高亮 LED 控制这块，选用了 LED 专用驱动芯片， 可以给 LED 提供稳定的电压电流，从而使 LED 光源的质量得到保证。供电电路采 用太阳能电池和市电自动切换的双电源供电方式，以保证系统正常工作。控制系统 采用极高性价比的高档单片微处理器 ATMEGA16 实现对照明系统的智能控制。 本系统在 BUCK 电路环节，LED 驱动电路环节都做了严格的测试，测试结果能 够满足系统要求。在系统实验阶段，分别对太阳能电池板输出功率和蓄电池的充电 电压电流进行监测。从监测数据来看系统能够快速准确的找到最大功率点，同时， 可以根据蓄电池不同的状态采用预期的充电方法。 关键词：太阳能；蓄电池充放电；LED 照明；最大功率点跟踪；单片机 - - II - Abstract The LED lighting system based on photovoltaic power generation mainly include: solar panels, highlighting LED, energy storage battery, control system, charging circuit of battery and supply circuit of load power. Choose the highlighting LED is efficient and Energy saving, environmental protection and no pollution, service life long. The double-ring structure which the electric current detection is used to be inner and the voltage detection is used to be outer ring is used while charging battery, at the same time, algorithm of MPPT is used, that’s to be sure output power of the solar battery is largest and the control of the charging of battery is accurate. Taking a hysteretic comparison method and incremental conductance method in order to the Solar cells can output the maximum power, overcome concussion of the system, improve output ability of the system in the condition of illumination change. The power supply is the double power include solar cells and the utility, they are maybe switched, in order to guarantee the system running all. About LED control, choose the special LED drive chip, can provide a stable voltage and current for LED, to guarantee the quality of output light source. The control system adopts the MCU (ATMEGA16) which is the cost-effective and high-grade single chip to control lighting system intelligent. The link of BUCK circuit and link of driving circuit on LED