基于刚柔耦合的整车动力学仿真及悬架参数优化-车辆工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 摘要 万方数据 万方数据 摘要 操纵稳定性和平顺性十分重要，是评价汽车动力学性能的主要指标。当前，通常 运用多刚体动力学建立仿真模型来研究车辆的操纵稳定性及平顺性，其中建立的仿真 模型主要是多刚体模型，该模型对一些重要部件的柔性效应没有进行考虑，这与车辆 的实际情况有一定的差异。为此，本文以多体动力学与有限元法为理论基础，采用刚 柔耦合的方法研究了车辆的操纵稳定性及平顺性。 本文以某自主品牌轿车为研究对象，在 ADAMS/Car 中建立了包括悬架、转向、 动力总成、车身、人-椅和轮胎等模型的整车多刚体仿真模型。为了提高模型的精度， 利用有限元分析软件 HyperWorks 分析了前悬架稳定杆、下摆臂、后悬架扭转梁和车 身的模态，获得其固有振动特性，导入 ADAMS/Car 中生成柔性部件，并在 ADAMS/Car 模块中建立了整车刚柔耦合仿真模型。参照相关国家标准，对该车进行了操纵稳定性 仿真。在相同的仿真条件下，对比研究了多刚体和刚柔耦合这两种模型的整车平顺性。 分析结果表明：考虑重要部件柔性的整车刚柔耦合仿真模型比多刚体模型的仿真精度 更高。 参考国家标准，进行了平顺性道路试验。通过对比仿真与试验结果，验证了所建 立的刚柔耦合仿真模型的准确性更高。最后运用 ADAMS/Insight 中的试验设计，对 该车悬架参数进行了优化设计，对比分析了悬架参数优化前后的平顺性仿真结果。结 果表明该车的行驶平顺性有了一定程度上的改善。 关键词：刚柔耦合；操纵稳定性；平顺性；ADAMS；优化 I ABSTRA ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Handling stability and ride comfort are very important; they are important evaluating indicators of vehicle dynamics. At present, researchers usually use multi-rigid body dynamics method to research on vehicle handling stability and ride comfort. The simulation model established is mainly the multi-rigid body model. The flexible effect of some important parts is not considered in the model. It is different from the vehicles actual situation. To this end, based on multi-body dynamics and finite element method, the method of rigid-flexible coupling is used to study for vehicle handling stability and ride comfort in this thesis. Taking a certain independent brand car as prototype, the multi-body dynamics models including suspension, the steering, the powertrain, the chassis, the occupant-seat system model and the tires are established in multi-body dynamics software ADAMS/Car. To improve the accuracy of the model, front lower arms, front stabilizer bar, the torsion beam and the body are treated as flexible bodies with the HyperWorks software, and then they are imported into ADAMS software to establish the rigid-flexible coupling vehicle model in ADAMS/Car. Based on the relevant national standards, handling stability simulation is performed. Under the same simulation conditions, two whole vehicle model