基于刚体模型组合偏差建模的薄板件夹具定位方案优化设计-车辆工程专业论文.docxVIP

II II 案稳定性参数表达式，提出定位点搜索算法对夹具定位点布置进行优 化设计，并通过某车型仪表板定位方案设计实例对该算法进行验证。 （2）建立了基于刚体模型分块组合的柔性薄板件偏差模型 提出了过定位薄板件刚体模型分块概念，并对刚体模型分块适用 范围、不同分块间偏差影响关系以及分块方法进行了研究；建立了基 于刚体模型分块组合的过定位薄板件偏差模型，并分多种情况和有限 元偏差分析方法进行对比分析。 （3）提出了基于启发式搜索的夹具夹持顺序优化方法 以夹持后零件所有关键测点加权后的偏差值之和作为目标函数， 建立了夹持顺序优化模型；在优化计算中引入了启发式算法，从而使 得用数值方法规划夹具的夹持顺序具有工程意义。 （4）前部车身夹具定位方案优化设计及偏差分析实例应用 首先利用定位点搜索算法确定零件的“3-2-1”定位方案，然后 采用基于启发式搜索的定位点夹持顺序优化方法进行夹持顺序优化 设计；利用基于刚体模型分块组合的偏差建模方法，分别在已有定位 方案和优化后的定位方案下，对前部车身关键匹配处间隙和面差进行 偏差分析比较。分析结果表明，优化后的定位方案在偏差控制水平方 面比已有定位方案有很大的提高。 关键词：汽车车身，柔性薄板件，夹具设计，装配偏差分析 III III OPTIMAL FIXTURE LOCATION DESIGN RESEARCH OF COMPLIANT SHEET METAL WORKPIECE BASED ON RIGID VARIATION MODELLING METHOD ABSTRACT Auto-body assembly is a complex sheet metal assembly process in multi-station. The parts variation, locating variations etc. will influence the auto-body dimensional variation. The dimensional quality of car body directly relates to vehicle performance, appearance and competitive power on market, so automotive companies pay close attention to auto-body assembly quality. Fixture locating scheme is one of the key elements which have direct influence to product demision quality, the traditional fixture scheme designing method need designer design it by using experience, which lacks theory data support. As the flexible sheet metal parts often use “N-2-1” locating scheme, finite element modeling method is used to calculate variation, the method has high precision, but due to the complexity of the model, making the calculation less efficient. To address the above problems, this paper first proposed a fixture locating stability index to evaluate the quality of fixture locating, the locator-searching algorithm is used to design the deterministic fixture location scheme based on stability index; Then a rigid combination PAGE PAGE IV modeling method is used for positioning deviation of sheet metal parts and sub-variety of conditions with the finite element method are compared and analyzed; Then analyze the ch