浅埋近距离煤层出煤柱开采压架防治对策-岩土力学-中国矿业大学.PDF

第 30 卷 第 3 期 采矿与安全工程学报 Vol.30 No.3 2013 年 05 月 Journal of Mining Safety Engineering May 2013 文章编号：1673-3363-(2013)03-0323-001 浅埋近距离煤层出煤柱开采压架防治对策 鞠金峰，许家林 （中国矿业大学煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室，矿业工程学院，江苏 徐州 221116 ） 摘要 针对浅埋近距离煤层工作面在推出上覆遗留煤柱过程中普遍出现的压架灾害，采用理论分 析和模拟实验，结合压架发生的机理，提出了相应的防治对策。结果表明：出煤柱开采时，煤柱 上方2 关键块体形成的三铰式结构是不稳定的，该结构的相对回转运动会造成煤层间关键层断裂 结构的载荷过大而失稳，最终引起工作面的压架。因此，控制关键块体的回转运动是防治压架的 关键。据此提出了以促使关键块体提前回转、阻止和破坏其回转3 个方面为思路的压架灾害防治 措施，各措施的防治效果得到了相似材料模拟实验的验证，现场应用效果显著。 关键词 浅埋煤层；近距离煤层；煤柱；关键层；压架防治 中图分类号 TD 323 文献标志码 A Prevention measures for support crushing while mining out the upper coal pillar in close distance shallow seams JU Jin-feng ，XU Jia-lin (State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining，School of Mines， China University of Mining Technology，Xuzhou ，Jiangsu 221116 ，China) Abstract Aiming at the universal support crushing disasters during mining out the upper coal pillars in close distance shallow seams, the prevention measures for the disaster were proposed on the basis of the inherent mechanism of the support crushing by theoretical analysis and simulation experiments. The results showed that, while mining out the upper coal pillar, the three hinged structure of the key blocks above the coal pillar was unstable, whose relative rotary movement would cause the key stratum structure between the two seams to lose its balance because of overload. Thus the support crushing accident in the mining face jammed. Therefore, the key to the disaster prevention was to regulate the key blocks’ rotary movement. Hereby, the disaster prevention mea