结合空间规划的人工湿地在城市河流生态改善中的应用-城市规划与设计专业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要2000年以来，我国人工湿地宣传和建设掀起了一股热潮，已建成的人工湿 中文摘要 2000年以来，我国人工湿地宣传和建设掀起了一股热潮，已建成的人工湿 地主要包括由环境、水利部门主导的、以水质改善目标为重的潜流湿地和由景 观公司设计的、以教育、娱乐为重而缺乏明确水质改善目标的湿地公园。本文 倡导面向城市河流生态改善、雨洪管理的人工湿地与空间结合的规划方法。采 用案例研究、数值模拟和规划设计应用等研究方法， 1)归纳出结合空间规划 的人工湿地规划的步骤； 2)分析了人工湿地对城市河流生态改善的技术优势， 总结出9种宜组合使用的工艺类型，并通过4个典型案例的规模、流程、平面 布局和水质改善绩效等方面的阐述，为城市规划人员直观认识人工湿地、与相 关学科合作提供了平台；3)进行了雨水湿地规模的量化研究，通过数值模拟得 到在海河下游地区年平均径流污染负荷削减率与雨水湿地面积之间的关系曲 线，可依目标直接读取出所需湿地面积；4)结合模拟结果进行了基于雨水湿 地的、适用于多尺度空间规划的示范性设计。 关键词：人工湿地空间规划城市河流生态改善雨洪管理数值模拟 海河下游 ABSTRACTNowdays ABSTRACT Nowdays more and more people have recognized the value of wetlands in China． Meanwhile the constructed wetlands(CWs)have boomed up since the year 2000． These projects roughly fall into two categories-1)the subsurface flow CWs that target the water quality improvement and are funded and implemented by environment or water sectors；2)the wetland parks that pay most regards to educational，landscaping and recreational values rather than specific water quality standards，most of which are designed by landscape architects．However，neither of the two categories of CWs are aimed at the flood control and stormwater management．This thesis proposes a system of CWs and step by step planning process，which aimes at urban stream repair and stormwater management．9 types of CWs were summarized and classified by analyzing the CW strengths among the techniques in urban stream repair．More types arc to be generated if 2 or 3 types are combined in usage，which are encouraged in application due to a better treatment performance．4 CW cases were presented in terms of land requirement，flow path，layout，treatment performance and etc．，through which urban planners able to acquire a common sense of CWs in short time and cooperate with specialists from relevant fields．In sizing the stormwater wetland，a curve showing the relationship between annual pollutant load reduction and stormwater wetland surface area was obtained by using computer simulation． Simulation results were finally applied into urban