重庆市区不同污染水平地区大气可吸入颗粒物对儿童呼吸系统影响的抽样调查.docVIP

DOI：10.16016/j.1000-5404.201503083 重庆市区不同污染水平地区大气可吸入颗粒物对儿童呼吸系统影响的抽样调查 唐靖媛，夏茵茵，唐 旭，代 华，程淑群 （400016重庆，重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院，医学与社会发展研究中心，健康领域社会风险预测治理协同创新中心） [摘要] 目的 了解重庆市大气可吸入颗粒物对儿童呼吸系统的影响，为改善重庆市大气环境质量，保护儿童健康提供科学依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样，选取位于污染区、相对污染区和清洁区各3所小学的3～4年级全体学生为纳入对象。按照相应的排除标准，选取男生317名，女生318名作为调查对象，进行肺功能测定和问卷调查。并同时采集3个区PM10和PM2.5浓度数据。结果 可吸入颗粒物呈冬春季浓度较高、夏秋季浓度稍低的趋势。清洁区的FVC与FEV1高于污染区与相对污染区（P0.05）；MMEF、V75、V50则没有明显规律。污染区儿童咳嗽、感冒时咳嗽、咯痰、感冒时咯痰、咳嗽咯痰、支气管炎患病率要显著高于清洁区（P0.05）。结论 大气可吸入颗粒物可能是影响儿童呼吸系统健康的一个危险因素。 [关键词] 可吸入颗粒物；儿童；肺功能；呼吸系统疾患 [中图法分类号] R122.2;R179 [文献标志码] A Sampling survey of inhalable particulate matter(PM) in different polluted areas on respiratory system diseases of children in Chongqing Tang Jingyuan，Xia Yinyin，Tang Xu，Dai Hua，Cheng Shuqun (School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University; Research?Center?for?Medicine?and?Social?Development; Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health ,Chongqing, 400016, China) [Abstract] Objective To understand the Effect of inhalable particulate matter (PM) on respiratory system diseases of children and provide scientific basis for improving the quality of atmospheric environment and protecting childrens health in Chongqing. Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used to select all pupils of Grade 3-Grade 4 from different 3 primarily schools which located in heavy polluted area, related polluted area and cleaning area respectively for subjects. Based on the exclusion criteria, 317 males and 318 females were selected to be respondents to measure pulmonary function and reply questionnaire. Then PM10 and PM2.5 data was collected from these areas at the same time. Results The concentrations of inhalable particulate matter (PM) were higher in winter and spring than in summer and fall. Besides, the FVC and FEV1 in cleaning area were higher than these in the other two(P0.05), but there is no obvious regularity in MMEF、V75 and V50. Meanwhile, the prevalence of cough, co