曾光-流感与肺炎球菌疾病的免疫策略.pptx

;内容提要; 流感与肺炎球菌疾病 ;流感：最活跃的传染病;流感不是普通感冒，可造成严重后果1;流感对家庭和社会造成了沉重的经济负担;流感感染会增加抗生素滥用;8;9;IPD=侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病.. 2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Active Bacterial Core Surveillance Report, Emerging Infections Program Network, Streptococcus pneumoniae, 2012. /abcs/reports-findings/survreports/spneu12.pdf. Accessed June 11, 2014. 3. European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC). Surveillance of invasive bacterial diseases in Europe, 2011. Stockholm: ECDC; 2013. ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/invasive-bacterial-diseases-surveillance-2011.pdf. Accessed June 11, 2014. 8. Chiang CS et al. Vaccine. 2014;32:3345–3349;.;肺炎球菌耐药严重已成为全球性难题;韩国发现“超级耐药肺炎球菌”;人口老龄化、慢性病上升的挑战 ;我国面临人口老龄化的严峻挑战;中国老年人口疾病负担增长迅速;中国城市居民主要死因;我国慢性疾病患病率;流感/肺炎球菌感染会恶化病人的病情;?老年人及慢病患者感染流感/肺炎球菌疾病死亡风险成倍升高;老年人流感和肺炎住院率高; 流感病毒与肺炎链球菌的合并感染 ;合并感染：流感大流行的幕后杀手;Klugman KP. et al., Emerg Infect Dis 2009;15(2):346-347;; Grabowska et al. Occurrence of invasive pneumococcal disease and number of excess cases due to influenza.BMC Infect Dis, 2006,6:58;Peltola VT, et al. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004; 23: S87-S97.; ;流感后抗病毒治疗对继发性肺炎球菌感染预防有局限性;流感病毒与其他病原体共感染的机制研究;甲流病毒; 流感与肺炎链球菌疫苗的联合接种 ;接种疫苗显著减少流感和肺炎球菌感染;同时接种肺炎球菌疫苗和流感疫苗安全可靠且无相互干扰;联合接种显著降低老年人流感/肺炎住院率和死亡率;联合接种显著降低老年人多种疾病住院风险;联合接种减少老年人及慢病患者住院费用;联合接种显著减少老年慢病患者重症监护率;PPV23+TIV组与其它各组间差异显著P0.001;联合接种有效延长老年慢病患者生存期;Weaver M, et al. Arch Intern Med. 2001;161(1):111-20.;;接种疫苗是预防肺炎球菌疾病的有效方法;1. WHO. 23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗 WHO立场文件. Weekly Epidemiological Record. No.14, 2012, pp. 129-144. 2. WHO. 流感疫苗立场文件（2012.11）. Weekly Epidemiological Record. No.47, 2012, 87, pp. 461-476. 3. CDC; ACIP. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2012 Oct 12;61(40):816-9. 4. ACIP. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2013 May 10;62(18):356.;1. /guidelines-global-strategy-for-diagnosis-management.html. 2. ADA. Diabetes Care. 2014 Jan;37 Suppl 1:S14-80. 3. ACCF/AHA. Circulation. 2013 Oct 15;128(16):e240-327. 4. /documents/4. 5. CDC; ACIP. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010 Sep 3;59(34):1102-6. 6. ESC.