课件：风湿病相关疼痛与对策9月.ppt

* The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) has revised its standards on pain management.1 Appropriate management of pain is essential for maintaining patient health and quality of life. However, the subjective nature of pain, confusion as to who is responsible for treating it, a lack of understanding of pain, and misconceptions about drug addiction and tolerance make pain management difficult.2 The 2001 standards focus on issues of patients’ rights, education, and training; on the quantification of pain; and on the systematic assessment and safe management of pain.2 The standards emphasize that1 Patients have certain rights regarding assessment and management of their pain Pain is to be assessed in all patients The goal of patient care is to provide individualized care in settings responsive to specific patient needs have policies and procedures in place that support safe medication prescription and ordering monitor patients during the postprocedure period Rehabilitation is designed to achieve an optimal level of functioning, self-care, self-responsibility, independence, and quality of life minimize symptoms and exacerbation of chronic illnesses, impairments, and disabilities Patient and family are taught that pain management is part of treatment The discharge process provides for continuing care if needed by the patient The health care organization must continually monitor its ongoing performance according to pain management standards Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. Pain management standards. Available at: /standards_frm.html. Accessed January 2, 2002. Phillips DM. JCAHO pain management standards are unveiled. JAMA. 2000;284:423-429. * Animated slide: Please advance to view entire sequence. The World Health Organization (WHO) has created a stepped approach for management of pain. Non-narcotic agents are recommended as initial therapy for mild pain. If pain persists or increases, weak opioids