物流网络设计.pdf

物流网络设计 Logistics Network Configuration Outline  What is it?  方法Methodology –建模Modeling –数据合并Data Aggregation –确认可靠性Validation  Solution Techniques 物流网络The Logistics Network  物流网络包括:  节点: Vendors （供应商）, Manufacturing Centers, Warehouse/ Distribution Centers, and Customers  Raw materials原材料 and finished products that flow between the facilities. 决策的分类Decision Classifications  战略层面: 涉及到资本投入等有着长期影响的那些决 策。如： –决定新工厂、配送中心、仓库的选址、数目、规模 等。 –新生产设备的购买及工厂内生产方式的选择etc. 决策的分类Decision Classifications  策略层面: Effective allocation of manufacturing(生产等资源的有效分配) and distribution resources over a period of several months –工人规模 –库存控制的方式 –配送渠道的选择 –运输、配送及替代方案的选择 决策的分类Decision Classifications  操作层面: Includes day-to-day operational decisions –The assignment （分派）of customer orders to individual machines – Dispatching, expediting （催单）and processing orders –Vehicle scheduling （车辆路线设计） 网络设计: 主要解决的问题  决定最优的库房、工厂的地点、数目、规模  决定最优的供应方案： –哪家工厂（供应商）生产（供应）哪种产品或部 件  决定最优的配送路径 –哪个库房（配送中心）服务哪个区域的客户 网络设计: 主要解决的问题  主要目标为平衡服务水准与  生产、供应成本  库存持有成本  订单处理成本  运输成本 That is, we would like to find a minimal- annual-cost configuration of the distribution network that satisfies product demands at specified customer service levels. 网络设计的工具:Major Components  绘图Mapping  – Mapping allows you to visualize （可视化）your supply chain and solutions  – Mapping the solutions allows you to better understand different scenarios （场景、方案）  –Color coding, sizing, and utilization indicators allow for further analysis  数据  – Data specifies the costs of your supply chain  –The baseline cost data should match your accounting data  –The output data allows you to quantify changes to the supply ch