翻译赏析与分析..精选课件.pptVIP

形合与意合 The boy, who was crying as if his heart would break, said, when I spoke to him, that he was very hungray because he had had no food for two days. 男孩哭得心都快碎了，当我问及他时，他说饿极了，有两天没吃东西了。 从上例可看出，英语十分注重句子的形式和结构的完整，上面英语句子主干为The boy said，但节外生枝，叠床架屋，竟有5个从句，用了who, as if, when, that, because等多个连接成分，形成一个空间构架，犹如“枝叶繁茂的参天大树”，呈树状。而相应的汉语节节展开,言简意赅，语意连贯，结构紧凑，呈竹状。 坚持 The moon is so far from the earth that even if huge trees were growing on the mountains and elephants were walking about, we could not see them through the most powerful telescopes which have been invented. 月球离地球非常遥远，即使那边山上长着大树，有大象在跑来跑去，我们用已经发明的最高倍率的望远镜也不能看到它们。 Upon his death in 1826, Jefferson was buried under a stone which described him as he had wished to be remembered as the author of the Declaration on Independence and the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom and the father of the University of Virginia. 1826年杰斐逊逝世。按他生前遗愿，在他墓地的石碑上刻着：独立宣言和弗吉尼亚州信教自由法令的作者，弗吉尼亚大学创建人之墓。 坚持 There are several reasons why Kissinger no longer appears to be the magician the world press had made him out to be, an illusion which he failed to discourage because, as he would admit himself, he has a tendency toward megalomania. [译文1] 有几个原因可以说明为什么基辛格不再看起来像全世界报界渲染得那样是个魔术师，他不愿打破这样的幻觉，因为，他自己承认，他有一种自大狂的倾向。 [译文2] 全世界报界曾经把基辛格渲染成魔术师般的人物，他也没有阻止人们制造这种错误印象，因为正如他自己愿意承认的，他有一种自大狂的倾向。现在他不再像是这样的人物了，这有几个原因。 [分析]英国人写文章往往化零为整，而中国人则化整为零。这是从语言的形态而言，不是从语言的意义来说的。汉译时要特别注意整体意义的把握以及英语形态的拆零。译文1按照原文的思维方式叙述，在汉语中显得含义不明。汉语读者的理解受阻。而译文2通过调整整个表达的次序，使译文读起来自然，容易理解。 坚持 正反与虚实 A seaman knows that the sea is all-powerful and can, under certain circumstances, destroy man and the product of his brain and hand, the ship. 水手们都知道，大海的威力是势不可挡的；在某些情况下，它能把人及人所制造的船只统统摧毁掉。(正说反译) “Mine! Mine!” They would shout at the pretty rainbows that are down to the earth, seeming never very far away. 他们会冲着那从天际弯弯地挂向地面的，看来好像伸手可及的美丽彩虹大声呼喊：“天哪!天哪!” (反说正译) 坚持 No one is satisfied with his favoritism in his work. [译文1] 没有人对他在工作中的偏爱感到满意。 [译文