鸽乳的生物学功能及其生成调控-遗传.PDF

Hereditas (Beijing) 2017 年 12 月, 39(12): 1158―1167 综 述 鸽乳的生物学功能及其生成调控 罗毅，王讯，马瑶，李晓开 611130 摘要: 鸽(Columba livia)是少数几种能分泌营养液哺育雏鸟的鸟类之一。孵化期的亲鸽嗉囊壁逐渐增厚，当雏 鸽被孵出，亲鸽嗉囊会产生鸽乳(crop milk) 以哺育雏鸽。鸽乳的营养成分及其生物学功能与哺乳动物的乳汁相 似，其产生过程受催乳素的调节。在催乳素作用下，嗉囊上皮细胞快速增殖脱落形成鸽乳，该过程可能与膜联 蛋白Icp35(AnxIcp35 ) 等关键基因的转录以及JAK/STAT 和Wnt 等信号通路的激活有关。本文对鸽乳的主要成分、 生物学功能和泌乳过程中嗉囊组织学变化进行了介绍，对鸽乳生成过程中特异的基因变化和分子调控机制进行 了总结，以期为后续的相关研究工作提供有益的参考。 关键词: 鸽乳；嗉囊；鸽；催乳素 The biological function of pigeon crop milk and the regulation of its production Yi Luo, Xun Wang, Yao Ma, Xiaokai Li Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China Abstract: The pigeon (Columba livia) is one of the few birds capable of secreting nutrients to nourish squabs. During the incubation period, the crop of the parent pigeon will be thickened. When squabs are hatched, the crop milk will be se- creted from the crop and fed to squabs. The nutritional benefits are similar between the pigeon crop milk and mammalian milk, and both of them are regulated by prolactin. Prolactin stimulates the proliferation of crop epithelial cells, which even- tually slough to form the crop milk. Evidence suggests that the complex process may be associated with the transcription of the AnxIcp35 gene and the activation of JAK/STAT and Wnt signal pathways. In this review, we summarize the main com- ponents and the biological function of the crop milk, the histological changes of the crop and the regulatory mechanism of crop milk secretion. Keywords: crop milk; crop; pigeon; prolactin 收稿日期: 20170410; 修回日期: 20170624 基金项目: (2016JY0167)(15ZA0008)( 2015TD0012)[Supported by the Application Basic Research Plan Project of Sichuan Province (No.2016JY0167), the Key Project of Si- chuan Education Department (No.15ZA00