毕业设计基于单片机的太阳能电池控制器的设计.doc

陕西理工学院毕业设计 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT I 基于单片机的太阳能电池控制器的设计 张俊 （陕理工电气工程系电气工程及其自动化专业07级2班，陕西 汉中 723001） 指导教师：康金辉 【摘要】目前在全世界范围内，由于能源的不可再生和人类的过度开采，全球化的能源危机已经初现端倪，为此世界各国竞相发展绿色能源，太阳能凭借其独特的优点，受到了一致的青睐，在太阳能的各种应用中，光伏发电应用倍受关注。光伏发电系统主要有两种：分布式发电系统和独立式发电系统，然而现在光伏发电应用的主流为独立式发电系统，在独立式发电系统中主要由四部分：太阳能电池板，控制器，,和直流负载。其中控制器为整个发电系统的核心，由于独立式发电系统中蓄电池的充电放电比较频繁故所以控制器要对蓄电池的充电放电进行管理，从而延长蓄电池寿命，减少系统的故障率，提高系统稳定性大大减少发电运营成本。本次毕业设计就将对独立式光伏发电中所要使用到的基于单片机的太阳能蓄电池的控制器进行探讨和研究。 【关键词】太阳能；单片机；控制器 Abstract: At present,while most countries all over the world are developing green and renewable energy，solar energy is accepted commonly because of its unusual advantages．Photovoltaic(PV)systems are paid more attention to among its various applications．PV systems are mainly two: stand-alone distributed power systems and power generation systems, but stand-alone systems has been a trend in nowdays. Stand-alone distributed power systems has four mainly parts: the Solar panels, the controller, the battery and the DC load, while in the four parts, the controller is the most important one. The controller has to decide how and when to charge or discharge because of the high working frequency of the system，So the controller can extended the battery life，decrease the failure rate，make the system steady and reduce the costs of system. This gradual design aimed at the study of the controller used in the stand-alone systems based on microcontroller. Key words: solar energy; microcontroller; controlle 目录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc296432807 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296432808 1序言 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296432809 2总体设计 PAGEREF _Toc296432809 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296432818 2.1硬件总体设计 PAGEREF _Toc296432818 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296432819 2.2程序总体设计 PAGEREF _Toc296432819 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296432820 3硬件设计 PAGEREF _Toc296432820 \h 9 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296432821 3.1电压采集电路 PAGEREF _Toc296432821 \h 9 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296432822 3.1.1电压采样电路 PAGEREF _Toc296432822 \h 9 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296432827 3.1.2ADC0809模数转换芯片 PAGEREF _Toc296