基于相位群同步的原子钟信号处理关键技术研究-信号与信息处理专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 随着高科技领域的迅速发展，对原子钟的研究和改善成为各国竞相研究的热点。传 统对原子钟信号处理的研究主要依靠同频锁相实现高精度时频传递，设计成本高，而且 复杂的频率变换过程会引入一系列噪声。为简化电路结构，降低成本，实现频率信号之 间直接相位锁定并提高锁定精度，提出基于相位群同步的原子钟信号处理方法并对其关 键技术进行研究。 首先，利用异频信号之间相位差周期性变化规律，采用数字逻辑电路搭建异频鉴相 电路，实现任意信号之间的直接相位比对、测量及控制，通过介入稳定度比较高的公共 频率源建立测量闸门，消除传统时间间隔测量中±1 个计数误差。 其次，利用异频鉴相方法，以 FPGA 为实验工具设计异频锁相系统，运用 Modelsim 仿真工具对系统各个模块仿真验证，实现量子跃迁信号频率准确度和稳定度的精密传 递。实验结果证明了异频锁相系统的科学性和可行性，与传统锁相技术相比，异频锁相 系统无需频率归一化处理，简化了电路结构，从而降低成本。 最后，在研究异频锁相系统的基础上，提出一种基于相位群同步的 GPS 载波相位 测量方法。整个系统是在 Modelsim 仿真工具验证可行性后。实验结果证明了相位重合 检测点的稳定度达到 ps 量级，不足整数个相位差测量分辨率达到 10-10，确保了相位观 测值的准确度。新方法与传统的 GPS 载波相位测量方法相比，提高了整周模糊度的解 算精度，保证了 GPS 载波相位测量数据的稳定度与准确度，从而提高定位精度。本课 题的研究为高精度时频传递与导航定位等高科技领域提供理论指导和技术支持，具有 广阔的应用前景。 关键字：异频相位比对；相位群同步；异频锁相；GPS 载波相位 I ABSTRACT With the rapid development of the high technology, the study and improvement of atomic clock has become a hotspot in many countries. The traditional study of atomic clock signal processing is made based on the same frequency phase locked circuit to realize the transfer of its stability. The design costs much, and the complex frequency conversion process will introduce a series of noise. In order to simple the circuit structure, lower the cost , achieve phase locking between the different frequency signals and improve the locking precision, the key technology research of atomic clock signal processing based on phase group synchronization is proposed. Firstly, based on the periodicity variation of phase difference between different frequency signal, a digital logic circuit of different frequency phase demodulation is built to realize the direct phase comparison, measurement and control among arbitrary signals. At the same time a public frequency measurement source is established that has high stability gate to eliminate the errors of traditional time interval measurement which has errors of ±1when counting. Secondly, Using the method of different frequency phase discriminator, a different frequency Phase-Lock system is designed based on FPGA, each mo