基于神经网络的动态误差建模及实验研究-精密仪器及机械专业论文.docxVIP

基于神经网络的动态误差建模及实验研究摘 基于神经网络的动态误差建模及实验研究 摘 要 科技的发展，对测量技术提出了新的更高的要求，促使其不断地向更高的 水平发展。目前，动态测量已逐渐成为现代测量的主流。如何提高其测量精度， 一直是工程测量与仪器设计人员关注的重点。动态精度已引起人们的高度重视， 成为精度理论研究中迫切需要解决的课题。 本文根据神经网络原理，研究动态误差的建模方法。利用BP网络以及RBF 网络两种方法分别进行动态误差的建模和预测。 在自行设计的动态误差实验系统中，同步采集标准信号(电机脉冲数)和 测量信号(光栅脉冲数)，实时比对分离出动态误差。通过设计实验装置的电路 部分，实现对信号的采集、计数和比对。主要包括电机信号处理电路和计数电 路。利用Am261s32对电机输出信号进行差分处理；利用74LSl61、74HC573 等芯片进行计数；利用AC6651采集卡进行数据采集，选用计数位数更多的 HCTL．2020芯片，改善了计数效果；通过LABVIEW软件设计了界面，实现数 据的实时保存。 通过对实验装置的安装与调试，成功分离出角位移测量的动态误差。基于 BP、RBF神经网络模型对实验系统的动态误差进行建模和预测。 关键词： 动态误差 神经网络 建模预测 计数电路 Study Study on Artificial Neural Network Modeling for Dynamic Measurement Errors and Experiment Research Abstract With the development of technology，it is required higher on measurement technology to develop to a higher level．Dynamic measurement has gradually become the mainstream of modern measurement now．It，how to improve measurement accuracy，is always peoples’research focus in engineering measurement and instrument design．Great attention has been aroused in dynamic accuracy，which becomes an urgent need to address issues in theoretical research on accuracy． According neural network theory，we studied the method of modeling for Dynamic Error．Two kinds of methods，BP network and RBF network，were used to model and predict for the Dynamic Error． In a self-designed dynamic error experimental system，the standard signal (motor pulses)and the measured signal(grating pulses)were collected synchronously,and isolated the dynamic error．Through the design of the circuit of the experimental system，the signal was collected，counted and contrasted． Differential treatment was used in motor output signal with Am261 s32；and counting was carried on with 74LS 1 6 1 and 74HC5 73；and data was acquired with AC665 1；Counting result was improved due to improved experimental device and HCTL．2020 with more counting median；and interface was designed with LABVIEW，with which data can be preserved real-time． Through the installing and·commissioning for experim