课件：恶心呕吐讲诉.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * Constipation is passing hard, dry stools, usually fewer than three times a week. People who are constipated may find it difficult and painful to have a bowel movement. They may also feel bloated, uncomfortable, and sluggish. Not everyone has to have a bowel movement every day. Normal may be three times a week or three times a day depending on the person. Don’t be over-concerned if you do not have a bowel movement every day. Frequency of the bowel movement is less important than how soft it is. * * As food moves through your colon, it absorbs water while forming waste products. Muscle contractions in the colon push the stool toward the rectum. If the muscle contractions are slow or sluggish, the stool moves through the colon too slowly causing the colon to absorb too much water. This results in hard, dry stools. * The most common cause of constipation is eating a diet low in fiber. Most Americans eat too little fiber. Liquids like juice and water make bowel movements softer and easier to pass. Coffee and soft drinks that contain caffeine and alcoholic beverages seem to have a dehydrating effect. They will not be as effective in producing a soft stool. Getting too little exercise can also contribute to constipation. * Travel can cause a disruption in your routine and less physical activity than usual (sitting on an airplane or in a car for hours). Be sure to make an effort to drink a lot of fluids and get more activity when you travel. You may want to take short breaks every hour or so to walk around when you are in a car and get up and move around in the plane every hour or so when you are on a plane. Also it is good to walk around the airport if you have time before a flight or during a lay over. Constipation is more common among people over the age of 65. Metabolism slows as we get older. We have less muscle tone and less muscle movement in our intestines. If you use some laxatives too often, your body becomes reliant on laxatives and y