基于遗传算法的吸收式制冷中央空调模糊控制系统研究-机械设计及理论专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘要 当今社会经济快速发展，加速了石油等不可再生资源的消耗，人类正面临严重的能 源危机，迫切需要寻找新的替代能源。太阳能取之不尽用之不竭，分布广泛并无污染， 是理想的替代能源。研发和利用太阳能是现在的热点问题，并且取得了良好的进展和应 用，太阳能空调就是其中之一。 太阳能制冷空调的实现主要有两种技术：光—电转换技术和光—热转换技术。光— —电转换技术成本高，效率低，易造成污染。目前光—热转换技术相对较成为熟，在能 耗较为集中的中央空调领域获得了良好的节能效果。 空调控制温度的过程，具有大延迟、非线性、时变性的特点，传统的控制方法很难 实现良好的控制效果。近年来，在应对难以取得精确被控对象模型的场合，模糊控制得 以广泛运用并一定程度上解决了这类控制对象具有时滞性、非线性从而导致控制过程易 超调、不稳定的现象。模糊控制规则的获取依赖于人类经验，需要消耗大量时间、精力 现场调试，针对具体环境调试中央空调控制规则十分困难，使用统一的模糊控制规则造 成控制效果大打折扣。 针对以上问题，本文提出将遗传算法与模糊控制相结合，利用遗传算法获取控制规 则，改善控制效果。 关键词：吸收式制冷；遗传算法；模糊控制；中央空调 III III Abstract Nowadays,the rapid economic development accelerates non-renewable resource consumption,leading to a serious energy crisis.Running out of oil,new alternative energy is seriously urgent to be founded.Solar energy is considered as a kind of perfect alternative energy for its inexhaustible,widely distributed and non-polluting.Many progress have been made since solar energy became a hot issue,including absorption refrigeration air conditioning. There are two main techniques to make use of solar energy in air conditioning systerm: light - electricity and optical - thermal conversion technologies.Light - electricity conversion technology is not efficient while costs and pollutes a lot.Currently light - thermal conversion technologies has been developed in to a mature technology ,working well in central air conditioning system. In Air-conditioning systerm,the temperature of air is with large delay,nonlinear and time-varying ,making it hard to achieve satisfying control effect in traditional control methods. Recently,fuzzy control have been widely applied in the field where difficult to obtaining precisely.In that way, phenomenon of control overshoot and instability has been avoided partly.However,the obtaining of fuzzy control rules depends on the human experience,it takes a lot of time and effort to debug rules,while obviously using the same rules to different worikng environment is not expeceted. To overcome the over-dependence on human experience in o