美国人餐桌文化及礼仪.docVIP

背景知识 美国快餐饮食文化和词汇大全 生活在美国(一) 无所不在的快餐点 ???? 随着美国人生活节奏的加快，快餐食品便应运而生．其快餐连锁店遍及世界各地，其中影响最大的当属麦当劳快餐连锁店．供应的快餐食品有：汉堡包、烤牛肉、牛排、火腿、三明治、肯德鸡、油炸土豆片、烘馅饼、冰淇淋以及各种碳酸饮料等．　　Fast Food 快餐食品　　Fast-food chains，American-style， are currently on the increase all over the world．Most of these places work on a similar principle． There is a long counter ， above which is displayed a list（often with pictures） of the items available， and behind which several people（often students?? working for the minimum wage）are serving． Individual queues form in front of each assistant ．You receive what you order more or less immediately and take it on a tray to a table， picking up thing like straws（吸管）， pepper， salt， ketchup（蕃茄酱），pickles（泡菜）and napkins（usually paper napkins） on the way．If you can’t see any knives and forks ， this means you are supposed to eat with your hands．If you can’t see any straws， that’s because they are hiding in the straw dispenser（分配器） that you have to fiddle（拨弄） with the bottom of it to get a straw（one at a time）to emerge．When you’ve finished， you yourself throw away everything except the tray．　　Many fast-food places have drive-in facilities．You place your order from your car via （通过） a microphone and then drive round to a special window to pay and pick it up ．You may even encounter places where a waitress bring your meal out， and you sit and eat it in the car from a tray hooked over the door through the open window．You may be asked if your order is “for here” or “to go ”（i．e．to take away）．In some states there is no sales tax on food consumed．　　Types of Fast Food Restaurants 快餐店的种类　　The most widespread type of fast-food restaurant is that serving hamburgers， such?? as the chains of MacDonald．All the different chains have their own specialties ．Arby’s restaurants serve large roast beef， ham and cheese， and turkey（火鸡） “sandwiches”． Some restaurant chains specialize in serving steaks quickly and cheaply． And then there’s Kentucky Fried Chicken．　　Chips 油炸土豆片　　Chips in Ame