土木工程专业英语课件Lesson 5 Environmental Engineering 环境工程教学精品.pptVIP

土木工程专业英语 Lesson 5 Environmental Engineering 环境工程 New words and phrases: perturbation ecosystem subdiscipline depletion anaerobic scum grease coagulation sedimentation emanate colloidal filtration pesticide herbicide fertilizer centrifuge aquifer impoundment ozone carcinogenic eutrophic algae runoff refuse disposal 垃圾处理 by-product 副产品, 出乎意料的结果 deal with 安排, 处理, 涉及 In many cases, rivers, lakes, and oceans have become polluted from discharges of liquid wastes from residential, commercial, and industrial sources. 在许多情况下，河流、湖泊和海洋已经被由住宅、商业、和工业源点排放的废液所污染 。 Many of these bodies of water have been reclaimed because of a movement in the 1970s to construct new wastewater treatment facilities and to improve old ones. 许多这些水体已经被回收了是因为20世纪70年代的一场修建新的废水处理设施和改进旧的设施的运动。 Both physical-chemical and biological processes are used to remove from the liquid wastewater stream. 可以采用物理化学方法和生物学方法从废液中除去污染物。 Water treatment and disposal 水处理 It is this organic matter that causes a depletion of oxygen in rivers and lakes, with consequent anaerobic conditions leading to fish kills and noxious odors. 正是这种有机物会使江河湖泊中的氧气耗尽，形成导致鱼类死亡的厌氧环境并产生有害气体。 The physical-chemical and biological processes remove an abundance of the organic matter along with floatable scum and grease from the waste stream. 物理化学方法和生物学方法消除了大量的有机物质连同来自废水中的漂浮的浮渣和油脂。 Chemical disinfection inactivates bacteria, viruses, and protozoa in the waste stream. 化学消毒可使废水中的细菌、病毒和原生动物钝化。 The physical and chemical processes used for removing solids from the waste stream include screening, sand and grit separation, chemical coagulation, and plain sedimentation. 用来除去废水的固体化学物的物理和化学方法包括过筛、砂和粗砂分离、化学凝结和简单沉淀。 Water treatment and disposal 水处理 Biological processes include activated sludge, contact towers, and biological discs. 生物学方法包括活性污泥、接触塔和生物圆盘。 The application of these treatment pr