管道环焊接接头冷裂敏感性试验方法研究-材料工程专业论文.docxVIP

ABSTRACT In pipeline system, weld joints defects are the weak links of the pipeline structure. Cold cracks are the most common kind of defects in pipeline welding process. On the effect of welding thermal cycle, the weld and heat affected zone may produce cold cracks, because of the changing of microstructure and properties, the function of stress and the effect of diffusion hydrogen. Especially with the pipeline strength grade improving, the problem of cold cracking in girth welding process becomes so serious that it can threat the operation safety of the pipeline and becomes the most serious defects which must be avoided during welding. The mechanism of cold cracking in high strength steel is that the steel hardened becomes brittle due to the invasion and inducing of hydrogen and then cracks in the effect of restraint stress. So we analyze the cold crack sensitivity of girth weld by specimens which can have different restraint intensity in the same condition such as the same material (the same microstructure) and the same welding parameters (the same heat input).Based on the investigation on domestic and foreign cold cracking test methods and combining the actual pipeline condition in our country, we have given the test method of cold cracking sensitivity about pipeline girth welds on the basis of Lehigh test. We studied the relationship between the slot length of Lehigh test and the diameter and wall thickness of pipeline by calculating the restraint intensity of different conditions using finite element analysis. And we finally have given the relationship model. After the verification of actual welding test, we optimized the preheat temperature and the welding standard of pipeline girth welding to provide technical support for high strength grade pipeline steel engineering. Keywords: pipeline girth weld, cold cracking susceptibility, Lehigh restraint cracking test, restraint intensity 目 录 第一章 绪论 1 1.1 冷裂纹产生机理 1 1.2 国内外冷裂试验方法分析 2 1.3 焊接预热温度的确定 3 1.4 研