寒冷地区零能耗公共建筑运行研究-环境工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 零能耗建筑是未来建筑的发展方向，在中国刚刚起步，而国外在理论和实践方 面都已有了较多研究。本文从基本理论、运行实践和总结推广三方面对零能耗建 筑进行研究，以对中国零能耗建筑发展做出贡献。 本文采用理论与实践相结合的研究方法，首先研究零能耗建筑基本理论，然后 对一零能耗建筑实例进行分析，探讨优化潜力，最后进行总结推广，使实践结论 更具普适意义。 本文主要成果分基本理论和总结推广两方面。基本理论方面，分析了零能耗基 本理论，构建了零能耗建筑能量平衡基本方程，形成零能耗建筑评价方法。总结 推广方面，总结出零能耗建筑三要素：目标、设计与运行，并进行分析，提出建 议。 针对零能耗建筑案例，应用本文提出的评价体系进行评价分析，结论如下： （1）室内环境。2013 年夏季房间温度偏低而相对湿度偏高，室内环境存在改 进空间。这与暖通空调系统未完全正常运行、除湿效果不理想有关，需要完善能 源管理平台，实现各系统联合优化运行。 （2）全年净能耗。现阶段建筑无法实现零能耗，一方面与光伏发电效率达不 到设计要求且发电不能上网有关，另一方面与地源热泵 COP 较低导致空调能耗增 大且照明控制尚未完善有关，需要通过加强运行维护等方式提升光伏发电效率， 通过完善机组反馈调节机制等方式提高地源热泵 COP，使得净能耗不断降低并最 终实现零能耗。 （3）节能率。现阶段相对节能率仅 1.4%，能源利用效率低，改进方向为优化 建筑用能。 本文研究成果及结论可为我国发展零能耗建筑提供参考和建议。 关键词： 零能耗；寒冷地区；公共建筑；太阳能 ABSTRACT Zero-energy building is the future of nowadays buildings. Compared with the re- search and practice all over the world, China is just at the beginning in this area. In this paper, research is conducted in the aspects of theory, operation practice and summary, which makes contribution to zero-energy building development in China. Linking theory with practice is the basic method in this paper. Started from theory research, we formed the theoretical framework, and then going to the practical areas. With a zero-energy building case, we did relate analysis to explore the potential for op- timization, and finally summarized the experience, making the practice more universal sense conclusions. The achievement can be summarized in two aspects: theory and promotion. In the aspect of basic theory, formed a zero-energy theoretical system and derived the basic energy balance equation first time in China. In the aspect of promotion, draw three basic elements of the zero-energy buildings: goals, design and operation, and analyzed and made recommendations. For the case of zero-energy buildings, applying the proposed evaluation system for evaluation and analysis, we got the following conclusions: Indoor environment. In the summer of 2013, air temperature is low and the rela- tive humidity is high. It is influenced by t