关于交换环上矩阵的若干问题基础数学专业论文.docxVIP

哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文 哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文 - - II - n证明了当存在 s ∈?F * ，且 s ≠?1时， SL n ??F ??中任一矩阵都是 2 个对合换 位子之积 . 这一结果丰富了已有的相关理论 . 关键词 交换环；复合伴随矩阵；特征值；秩；换位子 - - III - Abstract In order to provide a right algebra language, the concept of matrix was introduced firstly by J. J. Sylvester in 1848. Then, in 1855, A. Cayley proposed the definition of matrix multiplication for the purpose of studying the compound transform expression of two linear transforms, which initiated the new research field —algebraic research in matrix. As a finite dimensional case of general linear transform theory, matrix has been more intensely investigated since 20th century. Moreover, matrix over rings are also studied. Nowadays , matrix takes an irreplaceable role in various academic fields and many important applications. Many mathematicians are engaged in this field. Suppose R is a commutative ring with identity and M m?n ??R? is the set that is constituted by all the m??n matrices over R , and  A is an element in M m?n ??R??. The matrix Ck ??A?  constituted by all the submatrix of order k  in lexicographic order is the compound matrix of order k of A . The compound adjoint matrix C * ??A??of order k  of A  nis a matrix of order C k n  kand its element is just the algebraic k complement minor of subminior  A . Since the adjoint matrix is the special case of the adjoint matrix, the compound adjoint matrix is the evolution of theory on the adjoint matrix. For preparation, we first study the properties of the matrix over commutative rings, ranks of matrix over commutative rings, and eigenvalues of matrix over commutative rings. Then we study on the compound matrix and compound adjoint matrix over commutative rings with identity and prove that the compound matrix and the compound adjoint matrix of involutory (idempotent, unipotent, nilpotent) matrix are still involutory (idempotent, unipotent, nilpotent) matrix, and also prove that the compound mapping Ck is a