硅藻土基纳米二氧化钛的制备及其用于降解甲醛的研究-化工过程机械专业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要本文以硫酸氧钛为原料、硅藻土微粒为载体，尿素为沉淀剂，通过改变硫酸 中文摘要 本文以硫酸氧钛为原料、硅藻土微粒为载体，尿素为沉淀剂，通过改变硫酸 氧钛浓度、硅藻土与二氧化钛质量比、尿素浓度、pH值、水解温度、反应时间 和焙烧温度等工艺条件，采用混合均匀沉淀法制备出了硅藻土基负载型纳米二氧 化钛。利用SEM和XRD对样品的结构性能进行测定，得出最佳制备条件为：硫 酸氧钛浓度初始浓度0．01mol／L，硅藻土与Ti02质量比为2：l，尿素浓度为 0．1mol／L，反应体系pH值为1．5，水解温度为75℃，反应时间为60min，煅烧温 度700℃。在上述条件下制备的硅藻土基纳米二氧化钛样品中二氧化钛在硅藻土 表面的最大覆盖率为75％、二氧化钛平均粒径为150rim，并初步探讨了二氧化钛 粒子和载体之间的结合机理。 在最佳条件下制备的样品，做降解甲醛气体的效果实验，并以实际的环境条 件为参考，改变反应器内甲醛气体的初始浓度、反应体系的温度、相对湿度和光 照强度，用气相色谱定量测定甲醛气体的含量，得出结论：硅藻土基纳米二氧化 钛能在光照下持续降解高浓度甲醛气体，初始浓度为6．0x10。3mg／L甲醛气体，用 59样品经过150小时降解率达到99％；用59硅藻土基纳米二氧化钛处理初始浓 度为2．0×10～mg／L甲醛，15℃时，需要50小时将其完全降解，温度越高，所需 要时间越短，45℃下仅需要12小时就能彻底降解；光照强度为0时，产品几乎 不能降解甲醛，照度越大，降解速率越快，在8100Lm／m2的照度下，59样品14 小时能将浓度为2．0x 10。3mg／L甲醛完全降解；相对湿度的大小也影响对甲醛气体 的降解，59样品在相对湿度50％下，14小时能将2．0x10。mg／LI拘甲醛降解到 3．72x10一mg／L，相对湿度越大，降解越彻底，在相对湿度80％下，14小时能降 到1．0x10～mg／L。 关键词：硫酸氧钛；二氧化钛；硅藻土；负载；甲醛；降解 ABSTRACTThe ABSTRACT The nano-sized tltamum dioxide immobilized onto diatonme was obtained through changing the TiOS04 concentration，the quantity proportion between diatomite and Ti02，the concentration of urea,pH，reaction temperature and time， calcining temperature by the mixed homogeneous deposition method using the carrier of diatomite，t11e raw material of TiOS04 and the precipitator of urea The obtained photocatalyst were characterized by SEM and XRD and it was concluded that the best preparing conditions were as flowing：the incipient concentration of TiOS04 was 0．01moUL，the quantity ratio between diatomite and Ti02 Was 2：1，the concentration of urea was 0．1mol／L，the pH of reaction system Was 1．5，the reaction temperature Was 75℃．the reaction time Was 60 rain and the calcining temperature was 700℃． Under the best preparation conditions，the max loading rate of nano—sized titanium dioxide was 75％，and the average diameter of loaded particle Was 1 50rim．We also probed to the binding mechanism of titanic dioxide particulate and the diatomite carrier． The experiment of degrading formaldehyde Was did using the sample that Was made out trader the be