大学英语四级翻译讲义.DOCVIP

大学英语四级翻译讲义 翻译注意事项： 第一步：首先看懂英文，也许已经给你主语或宾语了或者限制了中文翻译的结构和时态等。 第二步：看括号里面的汉语句子，以核心谓语动词为切入点，找准主谓宾、分清定状补。 注意谓语动词的时态（过去时，现在时，将来时？），语态（主动还是被动？）和语气（虚拟语气吗？） 第三步：先翻译主谓宾、后翻译定状补，切块对应翻译，重新组合。名词注意单复数和是否该名词前是否需要冠词。 翻译注意结构事项：看到中文后，一定要看清汉语结构：主语---谓语---宾语 主语和宾语一般都是名词，而谓语是动词 中文的定语可以是动词（the data obtained, material used），名词(information technology, the population of the world, political problem, the matter of self-respect)，形容词(things available in nature)，词组(many in medical community)和从句(the task we face is …)；那么他们应该相应的在英语处于一个什么样的位置呢？ 把中文翻译好英文后，我们是否检查我们翻译的英文句子的主语和宾语的单复数及冠词使用问题；谓语动词的时态，语态和语气问题呢？ 一．主语的确定：确定主语时，必须符合英语的语言习惯和英美等国的文化习惯 1. When I came back, I found that my parents ___(晚饭准备好了) 2. When I came back, I found that _ __(晚饭准备好了) 3. 希望今后上海能够与更多的外国城市结为友好城市 4. 她从来没想到他是个不诚实的人 5. _________________________________ ( 没有人不称赞他们 ) for their great accomplishment 二．确定谓语 1. 他做实验时心不在焉，几乎引起了化学药物爆炸 2. 从这次讲座中我们学到了许多美国历史方面的知识 3. The manager would rather his daughter________ (不在一个办公室内工作). 4. The sports meet originally due to be held last Friday___________________(最终因天气不好而取消了). 5. Since I was employed by this company, ____(我从工作中得到很大的满足感). 三．特殊结构训练 1. I have had great deal of trouble ________.(跟上班上的其他同学 2.A good many proposals were raised by the delegates,____________(正如预料的那样). 3. Some women ____________ (本来能够挣一份很好的工资) in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family 4. Over a third of the population was estimated________(无法获得) to the health service 5. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used___________(习惯了学生迟到) his lecture 6. The price of beer________________(从50美分到4美元不等) per liter during the summer season 7、Why didn’t you tell me you could lend me the money? I_____________ ( 本来不必从银行借钱的 8. By the time you get to New York, I_______________ (已经动身去) London 9. There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone _____(打扰我) that evening 10.________ ___(正是由于她太没有经验) that she does not know how to deal with the situation 11. I_________________ (