高二英语语法知识点总结22.docVIP

HYPERLINK 教师助手 学生帮手 家长朋友 HYPERLINK HYPERLINK 教师助手 学生帮手 家长朋友 HYPERLINK GRAMMAR 复习定语从句 ?????? 定语从句是高中英语的重要语法项目，其重、难点主要在选择关系词上。下面我们一起复习一下定语从句的关系词的用法。 1. 关系代词 关系代词可以在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。引导定语从句的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等。其中who和 whom指人；which指物；that和whose既可指人又可指物。如： The people who / that called yesterday want to buy the house. This is the gentleman whom I mentioned a moment ago. Barbara works in a flower shop that / which her sister opened near the park. Someone is shouting at a driver whose car was blocking the street. They live in a house whose roof could fall in at any time. 2. 关系副词 引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where, why等，在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语等。如： Sunday is the only day when I can relax. Is there a shop around here where we can get fruit? We see no reason why this band shouldn’t be a huge success. 3.“介词+关系代词”结构 在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用who（指人）或which（指物）。如： Do you know the girl to whom your brother writes? Fortunately, we had a map, without which we would have got lost. 4. “名词/代词/数词+介词+关系代词”结构 We held a party in a big room, the windows of which open onto the street. There are over 6,000 students in the school, many of whom come from overseas. There are five foreign teachers in our school, two of whom are from Canada. 注意： 1. 指物时that和which常可互换，但以下情况只能用that不能用which： ①先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： Carl is the cleverest boy that I have ever met. ②先行词有序数词或very, last等修饰时。如： The first thing that catches my eye is the big photo. ③先行词为all, little, much, everything, nothing等不定代词时。如： I’ve done all that I can to help her. ④先行词被the same, the only, the very, the right, all, every, any, much, little, no等修饰时。如： This is the only painting in this style that we have. ⑤主句是以which, who, what 开头的特殊疑问句时。如： Who is the man that is talking with Jim?2. 关系副词和“介词+关系代词”结构常可以互换。如： I shall never forget the day when / on which we first met in the park. It’s one of the few countries where / in which people drive on the left. Lucy is tired and that’s the reason why / for whic