广西底定自然保护区鹎科鸟类群落研究-生态学专业论文.docxVIP

科鸟类在取食方法和取食基质两个维度上生态位重叠值 科鸟类在取食方法和取食基质两个维度上生态位重叠值 都较高，主要的生态位分离发生在栖息地类型及取食高 度。由于这种差异，而使底定自然保护区内密度较高的 几种鹎类各自占据不同的生态位或资源位，构成相对稳 定的鸟类群落。通过比较8种鹎类翅长／体长比率，发现 栖息于灌丛中的鹎类翅长／体长比明显小于主要栖息于 阔叶林的物种。 关键词：鹎科鸟类群落 多样性 栖息地 生态位和生态 位重叠 形态特征 广西底定自然保护区 lI 0N 0N THE FAM l LY PYCNONOT l DAE COMMUN l TY i n D l D I NG NATURE RESERVE of GUANGX f ABS TRACT The community structure and dynamic of the family Pycnonotidae in Diding nature reserve were investigated from May 2006 to August 2006 and November 2006 to January 2007。Surveys used methods of sampling dine at 6 kinds of habitats(villagefarmer,shrub，shrublow woods，young woods，mature woods and artificial coniferous foresO．The bulbuls foraging behaviors were observed in order to examine the coexistence of the bulbuls． 12 species or 13 subspecies were recorded in summer,while in winter,only 10 species or 11 subspecies were found in the reserve．Red-whiskered bulbul Pycononotus jocusus and Brown-breasted bulbul Pycnonotus xanthorrhous were dominant species in shrub，Mountain bulbul Pycnonotus mcclellandii was the dominant species in broad·leaved woods． The species richness index，species evenness index，diversity index and Pielon index were used to analyze the characteristics of bulbuls community structure in every habitats．Secondary young broad·leaved woods and shrubwood have the highest species richness index and diversity index． Farm＆village and artificial coniferous plantation have the lowest richness and diversity index． The niche breadth and overlap among bulbuls were calculated in this paper． Niche overlap on foraging methods and substrates were high both in summer and winter,the separation on foraging height was the most important factor for bulbuis community．We also compared a ratio of wing length to body length of 8 kinds of bulbuls in the reserve，the result showed that the bulbuls foraged in shrub have a relative shorter wing than bulbuls lived in broad·leaved forest． KEY WORDS：the family Pycnonotidae；bird community；diversity；habitat