2019届高三英语一轮复习---阅读理解之猜测词义教学课件.pptVIP

高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求 要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能： 　１、理解主旨要义； 　２、理解文中具体信息； 　 　４、作出简单判断和理解； 　５、理解文章的基本结构； 　６、理解作者的意图和态度。 ３、根据上下文推断生词的词义； 猜测生词题常见的提问方式有： The word “…” in paragraph … can best be replaced by … …. The underlined word “…” most probably means …. By saying “…”, the author means … The expression “…” is closest to … According to the passage, the phrase “…” suggests … The underlined part “… …” (in Para. … ) means ….. 一、针对性解释1. 根据定义猜测词义 例1：（05 湖北卷A段）Do you know what a “territory” is ? A territory is an area that an animal ,usually the male, claims（声称）as its own. 解析：由定义可推知，这里territory指的是：“动物的地盘”。 提示：定义常用的信号词有be, mean, be considered as/to be, be called, define, represent, refer to等。 例2：（04 浙江卷B段）Green building means “reducing the impact (影响) of the building on the land”. 解析：由定义我们可以推断这里 Green building 指的是 “环保型建筑”。 2．根据同位语复述推测词义 例1：（05浙江卷B段）In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today． A. 狮子 B. 虎猫 C.豹子 例2: Modern medicine began with the stethoscope, a medical tool used for listening to the movements of a person’s lungs and his heartbeats. A. 听诊器 B.血压计 C.温度计 提示：在复述中构成同位关系的两部分之间常用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号，冒号，分号，引号和括号等。同位语前常有 similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely等。 B A 3．根据定语从句复述推测词义 例如：（04 福建卷E段）Here is The Pines ,whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou（北美驯鹿） ,wild boar（野猪） ,and reindeer（驯鹿） with surprising sauces . According the passage, The Pines is a . A．place in which you can see many mobile homes B．mountain where you can get a good view of the valley C．town which happens to be near the Banff National Park D．restaurant where you can ask for some special kinds of food D 解析：通过whose引导的定语从句，我们可以推测到：The Pines 是一家餐馆的名字，由此不难推出理解题的答案为：D。 提示：熟悉定语从句中常用的引导词。如：which，who, that, whose, where, when, why等。 4. 根据举例猜测词义 例1：Cars must have certain safety devices such as seat belt, headlights, and good brakes. A. techniq