鲫鱼同源多倍化过程中的5SrDNA基因的染色体位点及组成分析-发育生物学专业论文.docxVIP

鲫鱼同源多倍化过程中的5SrDNA基因的染色体位点及组成分析-发育生物学专业论文.docx

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ABSTRACTPolyploid ABSTRACT Polyploidy01dy is1S anportantan important methodmethod ofor biologicalb101091cal evolutlon and species occurence,which cont ian three or more than three sets of the complete genome.In this paper,we discuss the formation mechanism and biological characteristics of the crucian carp and the artificial induced autop01yploid. Specific studies are as follows: 1.In the Dongting water system,the crucian carp(Carassius auratus L.)population is characterized by the coexistence of diploids form(2n=100,abbreviated 2nCC)and polyploids form (3n=150,abbreviated 3nCC,4n=200).We got more particular knowledge of the genetic composition and origin of polyploidy crucian carp by fluorescence in—situ hybridization(FISH)with labeled 5S gene or species——specific centromere probes.Analysis of 5S gene chromosomal locus revealed that the crucian carp with 150 chromosomes(3n=150,abbreviated 3nCC) is of triploid origin.The analysis of species—specific chromosomal centromere locus revealed that 3nCC individual S possess three sets of crucian carp—derived chromosomes.Our results directly proved that crucian carp with 150 chromosomes are of autotriploid origin.This is the first report III 万方数据 documenting documenting autopolyploid origin in mixed diploid—polyploid crucian carp population,and our results contribute to the study of polyploidization and the evolution of vertebrates. 2.A1lotetraploids of RCC(早)×BSB(杏)contain two sets of RCC—derived chromosomes and two sets of BSB—derived chromosomes,and would be supposed to produce allodiploid garnete.However,abnormal chromosome behavior during meiosis in allotetraploids may lead to the formation of autotriploid gametes.Fol lowing act ivat ion by UV—irradiated BSB sperm,the fertilized eggs of tetraploid hybrids(abbreviated as 4nFl) (4n=148,AABB)of Carassfus aura tus red陀_(abbreviated as RCC) (2n=l 00, AA) (早) × MegaJobrama ambJycephaTa (abbreviated as BSB)(2n=48,BB)(杏)developed into normal l ive g

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