课件：变态心理学焦虑障碍.ppt

* * THANK YOU SUCCESS * * 可编辑 * Football demi-god and fashion icon David Beckham has revealed the secrets of his eternally perfect appearance: he suffers from obsessive compulsive disorder. In a television interview to be screened just before the World Cup, the man dubbed Golden Balls says he has to line-up soft drink cans symmetrically in his fridge, and always re-arranges his hotel rooms. * PET scans of a brain showing active areas in obsessive-compulsive disorder; positive correlations (activity increases as symptoms get stronger), top row; negative correlation (activity decreases as symptoms strengthen), bottom. (Wellcome Department of Cognitive Neurology/SPL/Photo Researchers, Inc.) * Groups did not differ with respect to response accuracy or reaction time (P. .05). Controls showed significantly greater activation than the OCD group in bilateral anterior frontal lobe, anterior cingulate, bilateral thalamus and right caudate nucleus, particularly when demand for inhibitory control was the greatest. In contrast, the OCD group activated more posterior frontal lobe, insular, and cerebellar regions (Figure 1). * * * During passive activity, patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) exhibit increased metabolic rates in the occipital, temporal and frontal lobes and in the cerebellum and thalamus compared with healthy controls. Increased metabolic activity in the basal ganglia has also been reported in patients with GAD during vigilance tasks. These finding suggest that there may be hyperactive brain circuits in GAD. * Patients with generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) exhibit increased metabolic rates in several brain regions compared with healthy controls. Hyperactive neurotransmitter circuits between the cortex, thalamus, amygdala and hypothalamus have been implicated in the disorder. Hypofunction of serotonergic neurones arising from the dorsal raphe nucleus and GABAergic neurones that are widely distributed in the brain may result in a lack of inhibit