呼吸照护药理学简介介绍.pptVIP

呼吸照護藥理學簡介 Introduction to Respiratory Care Pharmacology Outline (Ⅰ) Pharmacology and the study of Drugs 藥理學和藥物之研究 Naming Drugs 藥物之命名 Sources of Drug Information 藥物資訊的來源 Sources of Drugs 藥物的來源 Process of Drug Approval in the United State 美國的藥物核准程序 Chemical identification 化學式確認 Animal studies 動物實驗 Investigational new drug approval 試驗中新藥申請 New drug application 新藥申請 Food and Drug Administration new drug classification system FDA新藥分類系統 Orphan drugs 孤兒藥 Outline (Ⅱ) The Prescription 處方 Over-the-counter drugs 店頭藥 (不需處方即可購買之藥) Generic substitution in prescriptions 學名藥取代 Respiratory Care pharmacology : An Overview 呼吸治療藥理學之總結 Aerosolized agents given by inhalation Related drug group in respiratory care Pharmacology and the Study of Drugs(Ⅰ) 藥理學和藥物之研究 Drugs(藥物) Chemicals(化學製品) 1.與有機體(organisms)作用，改變其功能  (functions)和過程(processes) 2.提供診斷、治療以及預防疾病的方法 ex：oxygen, alcohol, lysergic acid  diethylamide(LSD), heparin,  epinephrine,vitamins. Pharmacology and the Study of Drugs(Ⅱ) 藥理學和藥物之研究 Pharmacology(藥理學)：藥物(化學製品)之研究 包括它們的來源(origin)，特性(properties) 及與生命體(living organisms)之交互作用(interaction) Respiratory care pharmacology：治療心肺及重症疾病之藥理學之應用 Pharmacology and the Study of Drugs(Ⅲ)藥理學和藥物之研究 Pharmacology 1.Pharmacy(藥劑學)： 藥物的製備(preparation)和調劑(dispensing) 2.Pharmacognosy(生藥學)：天然物(包括：植物、動物等)之鑑別(identification)、萃取、活性成分確認、療效評估 3.Pharmacogenetics(藥物基因學)： 藥物療效與基因差異之關聯性研究 4.Therapeutics(治療學)： 為藥物治療疾病之藝術 5.Toxicology(毒物學)： 毒物及其藥理作用，含解毒劑和毒性控制(poison control)  之研究 美國藥物管理之發展 The first Food and Drugs Act is passed by Congress;the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and the National Formulary (NF) were given official status. The Harrison Narcotic Act is passed to control the importation, sale, and distribution of opium and its derivatives, as well as other narcotic analgesics. The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Actbecomes law. This is the Federal Food, Drug, and Cos