英美国家概况（英国部分）Unit 2 History.pptVIP

Norman Conquest The Wars of the Roses The English Reformation Henry VIII Edward VI Bloody Mary (Catholic) Queen Elizabeth I Alfred, King of Wessex (AD 871-899), was strong enough to defeat the Danes and came to a relatively friendly agreement with them in 879. Danelaw “The father of the British navy” --He founded a strong fleet which first beat the Danes at sea, then protected the coasts and encouraged trade. King Alfred Pre-Anglo-Saxon (really “pre” historical) Celtic Peoples (approx 1700/400 B.C. – 55 B.C.) Roman Occupation (55 B.C.-410 A.D.) Anglo-Saxon/Viking Angles, Saxons, Frisian, and Jutes (410-787 Viking Raids/Invasions begin 8th c. and end 10th c. Norman Invasion/Occupation (really in the Middle Ages) Battle of Hastings in 1066, then about four centuries of French rule The Anglo-Saxon Period in Review In 1066 at the Battle of Hastings, the Normans (powerful Northern Frenchmen) defeated the English and started a centuries-long conquest of England Two Most Important Effects: French becomes official language of politics and power and exerts enormous influence on Old English England begins unifying under a French political system, much of which is still with us (even in the U.S.) today Norman Invasion In 1066 AD, the Normans under William the Conqueror invaded England from France, defeating the Saxon King Harold at Sussex. As a result, Norman the Conqueror became the king of England, WilliamⅠ. After 1066 AD, one most important event is the Crusades. Actually the European Christian believers were agitated by Roman Catholicism, and tried to invade the holy land- Palestine from the Muslims (infidels). Duke of Normandy --William the Conqueror the Battle of Hastings After the death of Edward the Confessor King Harold He was formally crowned on Dec. 25, 1066 in Westminster Abbey, and became William I. The Shaping of the Nation --the Middle Ages  (1066—1485) Norman Influence Henry IIs Reform