患者知情同意权分析-民商法专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 知情同意理论被引入我国以来，一直备受学者们关注。在理论界，学者观点不一， 分歧尚存。一些学者认为知情同意概念是西方社会的产物，中国文化环境不适合其生存 和发展。在医疗实践领域，也存在诸多问题，“家庭同意”在我国医疗实践中长期占主 要地位，这与知情同意权要求的患者自主同意相矛盾，家庭同意和患者自主同意之间的 相互关系、冲突和协调成为学者和医疗实践工作者争论的焦点问题。 本文从患者知情同意权在我国医疗实践领域所面临的问题为切入点，进一步论证了 知情同意理论的价值理念和我国传统文化所蕴含、倡导的价值思想相契合。知情同意理 论的目的是为了保护患者的权利和利益，中国文化所提倡的“医乃仁术”“医者父母心” 的理念和“家庭同意模式”不仅都蕴含着保护患者为目的道德含义，同时也强调了人与 人，人与社会和谐相处、共同发展的价值追求。中国文化环境为理解、贯彻知情同意理 论提供了良好的人文条件。 最后得出结论，在贯彻患者知情同意权的过程中出现的问题并不是中国文化所导 致，患者知情同意权落实难的主要原因是没有在医务人员和患者权利义务之间找到平衡 点，没有将尊重患者自主权与保护患者最佳利益相结合。首先，患者知情权是通过医务 人员的告知义务来实现的，过分强调医务人员的责任和义务就容易迫使他们采取过渡医 疗、防御性医疗措施，加剧医务人员和患者之间的不信任程度。我们应建立完善医疗责 任保险制度，国家可以指定保险公司为医院提供服务，专门负责医疗纠纷赔偿，把医疗 机构和医务人员解脱出来。实现医务人员职业风险社会化。其次，患者知情同意权的目 的是为了更好保护患者的利益，只强调尊重患者自主权不但不能保护患者还可能会损害 患者的权益。所以说在贯彻患者知情同意权的过程中，一定将尊重患者自主权与保护患 者最佳利益相结合。 关键词：患者，知情同意权， 医务人员，告知义务，自主权 IV V V ABSTRACT The theory of patients’ informed consent right has been becoming a focus of many scholars in medical ethics since the informed consent is imported China. The scholars have different viewpoints about the informed consent .Some scholars argue that the informed consent originated from Western countries, which is not suitable for Chinese culture background. At the same time there are lots of medical practice problems concerning the informed consent right. Within them relationship between family consent and patients’ autonomy consent is a focus in eyes of the scholars and doctors. This thesis analyzes that value ideas of patients’ informed consent is consistent with value ideas of Chinese traditional culture on the basis of some questions emerging in current China’s medical practice field. Because the family consent pattern advocated in Chinese culture not only has moral value defending patients, but also emphasizes harmonious co-existence which provide good humanity condition for applying patients’ informed consent right. The thesis draws a conclusion that questions appeared in the course of carrying out the patients’ informed consent don’t result from Chinese culture, but from imbalanc