过去分词作定语.doc

过去分词作定语 1. 单个过去分词作定语, 通常前置 a. 及物动词的过去分词，具有被动和完成的意义。 a broken cup a wounded soldier an unexpected guest the excited crowd b. 不及物动词的过去分词，具有主动和完成意义。 a retired officer C. 合成的过去分词 a much-needed reform state-owned enterprises 2. 过去分词短语作定语：通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句。 a letter written in pencil = a letter which was written in pencil the machines produced last year 过去分词与现在分词的区别： 1 语态不同：现在分词表示主动，及物动词的过去分词表示被动 注：不及物动词的过去分词只有“完成”含义，而不表示被动 The falling leaves the fallen leaves 2 时间关系不同：现在分词作定语，多表示“动作正在 进行”或“与谓语同时进行”或“经常性”。 过去分词作定语，则多表示分词动作“先于位于动词表 示的动作” 或“ 没有一定的时间性” 1.Do you know the boy ____(lie) under the big tree? 2. “Can’t you read?” Mary said angrily ____(point) to the notice. 3 The woman _____(sell) vegetables has gone. 4.The wheat is watered by water _____(bring) from a pond. 5. He is a leader________ (respect) by the people. 3 及物动词的过去分词(done)与现在分词的被动式 (being done)都可以表示“被动”，但前者多表示一个 完成了的动作，而后者则表示一个正在进行的动作. the problem discussed yesterday The problem being discussed 1. We lived in the house __ built by my uncles ________________ (我舅舅们修建的). 2. Any medicine ___ taken_____(服用) without the advice of a doctor can cause trouble. 3. We spent two hours discussing the plan __ made by her __ ______________ (她制定的). 4. _____________ (开水) 5. ________________ (一个破碎的茶杯) 6. three ____________________ (受伤的士兵) 1. Most of the people __ invited to the party _________________ (被邀请参加宴会的) were famous scientists. 2. Lessons ____ learned easily _________ (易学的)are soon forgotten. ** ____ Easily-learned _________ (易学的) lessons are soon forgotten. 3. The computer center ____ opened/started _____________ (开办) last week is popular with the students . 9. Prices of daily goods ___ through a computer can be lower than some store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying 10. Mr Smith, ____ of the ___ speech, started to read a