海南橡胶木红变的化学研究-安徽农业大学学报.PDF

安徽农业大学学报, 2013, 40(5): 726-730 Journal of Anhui Agricultural University 网络出版时间：2013-8-23 8:20:01 [URL] /kcms/detail/34.1162.S0820.012.html 海南橡胶木红变的化学研究 苗 平，初 帅，屠坤坤，姚 兰，刘 婧 (南京林业大学木材工业学院，南京 210037) 摘 要：对橡胶木中的变色成分进行甲醇浸提，浸提液浓缩后用极性从小到大的石油醚、氯仿、乙醚、乙酸乙 酯和正丁醇萃取。经过化学分析认为橡胶木中产生红变的成分存在于极性较大的乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水中，变色成 分主要是鞣质单宁、酚类及蒽醌类物质。同时进行鞣质单宁引起橡胶木红变的机理试验，结果表明，橡胶木抽提液 无论是加酸性还是加碱性溶液都会产生红变，为此采用具有漂白功能的氧化剂和还原剂可以减轻或消除橡胶木抽提 液的红变。 关键词：橡胶木；红变；化学分析 中图分类号：S781.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672−352X (2013)05−0726−05 Chemical research of the red discoloration of Hainan rubber wood MIAO Ping, CHU Shuai, TU Kun-kun, YAO Lan, LIU Jing (College of Wood Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037) Abstract: The discoloration ingredients of rubber wood were extracted by methanol, and then were concentrated and extracted by petroleum ether, chloroform, aether, ethyl acetate, normal butanol in ascending or- der of the polarity. The results showed that the red discoloration components consisted of ethyl acetate, normal butanol and water of the bigger polarity. The main components of discoloration were tannin acid, phenolic and anthraquinone. And the mechanism of rubber wood red discoloration caused by tannin acid was also studied. The extracted liquid turned red no matter adding acidic or alkaline solution, but oxidizing and reducing agents having a bleach function could be used to reduce or eliminate the solution red discoloration. Key words: rubber wood; red discoloration; chemical analysis 随着天然林木材的减少，以及对木材需求量的 传播引起橡胶木的蓝变。刘秀英等[4]对中国橡胶木 增加，速生材的优质利用是当前重要的研究方向。 主产区菌害的调查研究鉴定出橡胶木中的木腐菌、 橡胶木是一种速生树材，其密度适中(约 0.45～0.55 霉菌和变色菌。李玉栋[5]采用防变色剂和防腐剂对 g·cm-3) ；色泽淡雅均一，具有天然象牙色；花纹美 橡胶木进行处理能有效