导线测量中三角高程代替四等水准测量可靠性探讨.doc

PAGE 论文题目: 导线测量中三角高程代替四等水准测量可靠性探讨 专 业: 测绘工程 本 科 生: 李先鹏 （签名） 指导教师: 黎晓 （签名） 摘 要 目前，高精度的高程测量仍然以水准测量为主，但随着社会的发展，受地形的限制，水准测量因为劳动强度大，作业时间长，已经不能适应一些较大工程的建设，特别是高差、工程量比较大的山区线路工程以及大型的水利桥梁工程。而用三角高程测量因为它受地形条件影响小，测量速度快的特点，刚好适应了工程建设的需要，特别是随着电子测量技术的发展，全站仪、测距仪的广泛应用，使三角高程测量在工程中得到了广泛的应用。 本文分析了三角高程测量的现状和发展，通过对三角高程测量的原理，误差来源及精度分析，论证了导线测量中用三角高程代替四等水准的可靠性，探讨了三角高程测量的应用条件与局限性，并提出了解决方法。 关键字：三角高程测量；四等水准；误差分析；对向观测；中间法 Title: Discussion On the Reliability of Triangulated height Surveying Replaces Four order Leveling in Traversing Major： Geodetic engineering Name： Li xianpeng Signature: Supervisor：Li xiao Signature: ABSTRACT At present, high-precision measurement of the height is still mainly leveling, But with the development of society, by topographic constraints, leveling because of the labor-intensive, long operating time, has been unable to adapt some of the larger projects, especially in Height difference elevation, the mountains of the larger project than lines, as well as large-scale water conservancy projects?Bridge engineering. Trigonometric leveling using terrain conditions, because it affected a small, fast survey, just adapted to the needs of construction projects, especially with the advent of electronic measurement technology, total station and range finder are?widely used, so that trigonometric leveling in engineering has been widely used.????? This paper analyzes the status and the development of trigonometric leveling. By analyzing the measurement principle of trigonometric leveling?and the error sources and accuracy, Demonstration can be draw that it is reliability for using trigonometric leveling instead of four levels. And also this paper discusses the application of trigonometric leveling conditions and limitations, and proposes solutions.? ????? KEY WORDS: trigonometric leveling，four order leveling，error analysis，bilateral observation，meth