基于PID控制的温度控制系统.doc

PAGE 精品文档 知识共享 摘要 随着控制理论和电子技术的发展，工业控制器的适应能力增强和高度智能化正逐步成为现实。其中以单片机为核心实现的数字控制器因其体积小、成本低、功能强、简便易行而得到广泛应用。PID温度控制器作为一种重要的控制设备，在化工、食品等诸多工业生产过程中得到了广泛的应用。本文主要讨论在过程控制中得到广泛应用的数字PID控制在单片机温度控制系统中的应用。 本文详细阐述了基于PID控制的温度控制系统的硬件组成、软件设计及相关的接口电路设计。并且充分考虑了系统的可靠性，采取了相应的措施予以保证。针对控制对象的特点，在系统辨识的基础上对系统的控制算法进行了仿真研究，并在单片机系统中实现了控制算法。最后针对温控系统进行了实验，通过对实验数据的分析表明本文所述的基于PID控制的温度控制系统的设计的合理性和有效性。 关键词:单片机,温度控制,数字PID控制 精品文档 知识共享 Abstract With the improvement of control theory and electric technology, the intelligent control for industry has been accomplishing. The digital controller based on Microcontroller has been applied widely, as its cabinet cubage, low-cost, abundant function, simple and convenient. PID temperature controller, as an important control device, has been widely used in producing chemical products, foods and many other fields. The paper mainly introduces the application of the digital PID control algorithm, which, at present, is popularly used in digital control system, in Microcontroller temperature control system. The hardware and software of the temperature control system and the design of relevant interface circuit are described in this paper. The reliability of the system is specially considered, and a series of measures are realized. According to the difficulty to control of the system, methods of system control are analyzed based on the system identification, and realized the control algorithm in the Microcontroller system. The experiment data shows that the design of temperature control system based on Microcontroller is availability and rationality. Key words: Microcontroller, Temperature Control System, digital PID control 目录 摘要Ⅰ AbstractⅡ 第一章 绪论1 1.1 概述1 1.2 温度测控技术的发展与现状1 1.2.1 定值开关控温法2 1.2.2 PID线性控温法2 1.2.3智能温度控制法3 1.3 系统总体设计方案3 1.3.1 系统性能要求及特点3 1.3.2 系统硬件方案分析4 1.3.3 系统软件方案分析5 1.4 本文主要工作及章节安排6 1.4.1 本文主要工作6 1.4.2 本文结构安排6 第二章 系统硬件设计7 2.1 系统硬件总体结构7 2.2 主控模块器件选型及设计7 2.2.1 单片机的选用7 2.2.2 单片机介绍8 2.2.3 主控模块设计9 2.3 输入通道设计10 2.3.1 Pt100温度传感器 2.3.2 A/D转换 2.4 输出通道设计14 2.