甲状腺激素和抗甲状腺药Thyroid课件.pptVIP

甲状腺激素和抗甲状腺药Thyroid hormones and antithyroid drugs;Summary Thyroid hormones Necessary to maintain normal metabolism, growth and development. Hypothyroidism Cause Cretinism if it happens in embryo or neonatal period. Cause myxedema if it happens in adults when the thyroid hormone could be used in replacement therapy. Hyperthyroidism A syndrom characterized by thyroid oversecretion and metabolic disorder caused by multiple reasons. It can be treated with radioactive iodine (131I) irradation, antithyroid drugs and operation. ;Thyroid hormones;抗甲状腺药;硫脲类;Thyroid hormones are iodic amino acids Active components Thyroxine, T4 Triiodothyreninum natricum, T3 Chemical constitution;甲状腺激素的化学结构;Physiological disposition of thyroid hormones;Synthesis, storage and regulation of thyroid hormones;Steps of thyroid hormones synthesis, release and regulation (Ⅰ);Condensation and storage: In the thyroid globulin molecule , two DTTs are condensed to T4 , one DTT and one MIT are condensed to T3，which are all stored in gland alveolus colloid . Disintegration and release: T3 and T4 are released into blood after hydrolyzed by proteases .At the same time , some of them can be turned back to tyrosine and I－ by deiodinase in cells and reused. Regulation: By the positive and negative feedback regulation of hypothalamus-anterior lobe-thyroid axis. Hypothalamus secrets TRH ,anterior lobe secrets TSH and thyroid synthesize T3 , T4.;Synthesis, storage and release of thyroid hormone;Thyroid hormones;Mechanism of action（figure) It is believed now that the thermogenic action of T3 and T4 is due to the increase of sodium pumps activity on the cell membrane . Na+,K+—ATPase activity ATP utilization ADP concentration mitochondria respiration oxide consumption and heat production ;Physiological and pharmacological actions;Thyroid clinical application;Adverse effects;Antithyroid Drugs;硫脲类;Thiourea;Pharmacological actions Inhibit peroxydase in adenocytes , which