上坡融雪径流对下坡融雪影响的模拟试验.pdfVIP

第12卷摇 第5期 中 国 水 土 保 持 科 学 Vol.12摇 No.5 摇 2014年10月 Science of Soil and Water Conservation Oct. 2014 上坡融雪径流对下坡融雪影响的模拟试验 覮 邱璧迎,范昊明 ,武敏,周丽丽,贾燕锋 (沈阳农业大学水利学院,110161,沈阳) 摘要:东北低山丘陵区土地利用复杂,常有上坡积雪优先融化产流现象,不同产流模式融雪侵蚀过程不同。 为深入 了解上坡积雪优先融化条件下坡面融雪产流过程,采用室内模拟融雪试验,研究解冻期上坡融雪径流、坡度、坡长 及积雪密度对坡面融雪产流过程的影响。 结果表明:1)影响积雪融化速率的主要因素为上坡融雪径流,上坡融雪 径流量为0郾1L/ s时,融雪速率为591g/ min,上坡融雪径流量增加至0郾5L/ s时,融雪速率提高到1121g/ min,融雪 速率加快近2倍;2)坡度与积雪融化速率呈正相关关系,坡度为2毅时,融雪速率为766g/ min,坡度提高至14毅时,融 雪速率增大到1002g/ min;3)融雪速率随坡长增加整体呈上升趋势;4)积雪密度变化与积雪融化速率之间线型关 系不明显。 研究结果可为融雪侵蚀预报模型研究提供参考。 关键词:上坡融雪径流;坡度;坡长;雪密度;积雪融化速率 中图分类号:S157郾1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1672鄄3007(2014)05鄄0072鄄05 Simulated slope snowmelt process of the priority runoff from uphill Qiu Biying,Fan Haoming,Wu Min,Zhou Lili,Jia Yanfeng (College of Water Conservancy,Shenyang Agriculture University,110161,Shenyang,China) Abstract:The land use is very complex in hilly and gully regions of northeastern China. There is an interesting phenomenonthattherunoff of uphill meltsfirstly,whichresultsin different erosionprocesses. This study was designed to investigate the influence of snowmelt runoff,slope gradient,slope length and snow density on snow meltingratevia simulating snowmelt experiment. Theresultsare shown asfollows. 1) The snow melting rate was mainly controlled by the snowmelt runoff and significantly increased with the increasing snow鄄melt runoff. Whenthevolume of snowmeltwaterwas0郾1L/ s,the snow meltingrate was 591g/ min;when the volume of snowmelt water was0郾5 L/ s,the snow melting rate was 1121g/ min. 2) Snow melting rate was significantly positively correlated wi