武汉理工大学现代计算机体系结构英文Lecture2 Memory Hierarchy and Caches.pdfVIP

高级计算机体系结构设计及其在数据中心和云计算的应 用 Lecture 2 Memory Hierarchy CachesMemory Hierarchy Caches 高级计算机体系结构设计及其在数据中心和云计算的应 用 This Lecture • Memory Hierarchy • Caches / SRAM • Cache Organization and Optimizations 高级计算机体系结构设计及其在数据中心和云计算的应 用 Motivation 10000 ee 1000 cc nn aa mm 100 Processor rr oo ff rr ee PP 10 Memory 1 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 • Want memory to appear: – As fast as CPU – As large as required by all of the running applications 高级计算机体系结构设计及其在数据中心和云计算的应 用 Storage Hierarchy • Make common case fast: – Common: temporal spatial locality – Fast: smaller more expensive memory Registers Controlled Bigger Transfers More Bandwidth by Hardware by Hardware Larger Caches (SRAM) Faster Controlled by Software Cheaper (OS) Memory (DRAM) [SSD? (Flash)] Disk (Magnetic Media) What is S(tatic)RAM vs D(dynamic)RAM? 高级计算机体系结构设计及其在数据中心和云计算的应 用 Cac