计算机专业英语第2版课件.ppt

计算机专业英语（第2版） 卜艳萍 主编 周 伟 赵 蕾 副主编 冯世常 主审 电子工业出版社 内 容 简 介 “计算机专业英语”是高职高专计算机应用类专业学生的基础课，是提高学生计算机知识和英语综合运用能力的课程。本教材采用最新的计算机专业技术资料，涵盖计算机硬件和软件技术、计算机应用技术及计算机网络技术等专业知识。 本书共4个单元，第1单元介绍计算机硬件知识，包括计算机硬件基础、处理器、存储器、输入/输出技术，以及计算机组成部件。第2单元是计算机软件知识，内容有C语言、操作系统、数据结构、编译原理及软件工程。第3单元是计算机应用方面的知识，内容有数据库技术、计算机图形学、多媒体技术、CAD及ERP知识介绍。第4单元是计算机网络相关知识介绍，包括计算机网络、互联网、远程教育、电子商务和网络安全。 Unit 1 Hardware Knowledge 1.1 Hardware Basics 1.2 Central Processing Unit 1.3 Memory 1.4 Input/Output Systems 1.5 Computer Components 1.1 Hardware Basics Text： Logic Circuits Combinational Circuit Flip-Flop and Clock Shift registers Logic Circuits The OR circuit has two or more inputs and a single output. The inputs and the output can each be at one of two states, 0 or 1. The AND circuits also has several inputs and only one output. However, the circuit output is at a logical 1 state only if all inputs are in the logical 1 state simultaneously. The NOT circuit has a single input and a single output. It is arranged so that the output state is always opposite to the input state. Combinational Circuit A combinational circuit is a connected arrangement of logic gates with a set of inputs and outputs. At any given time, the binary values of the outputs are a function of the binary combination of the inputs. A combinational circuit transforms binary information from the given input data to the required output data. Block diagram of a combinational circuit Flip-Flop and Clock A flip-flop is a synchronous device; it is clocked, and it can change state only on arrival of a clock pulse. Clock pulses are basically square waves; they may have a very low repetition, or they may have a very high repetition rate. RS flip-flop Shift registers A register capable of shifting its binary information in one or both directions is called a shift register. The simplest possible shift register is one that uses only flip-flops. The output of a given flip-flop is connected to the D input of the flip-flop at