北京大学计算概论课件第十讲 函数.ppt

switch(month) { case 1: case 3: case 5: case 7: case 8: case 10: case 12: if (day 31 || day 1) printf(\nYou have entered an invalid day!); break; case 2: if ( (year % 4 == 0 year % 100 != 0) || (year % 400 == 0) ) //is a leap year { if (day 29 || day 1) printf(\nYou have entered an invalid day!); } else // is not a leap year if (day 28 || day 1) printf(\nYou have entered an invalid day!); break; case 4: case 6: case 9: case 11: if (day 30 || day 1) printf(\nYou have entered an invalid day!); break; } Read an integer: Input a string consists of digit Convert the string into an integer when accept a ‘\n’ Report an error if other characters are detected Read an integer: #includestdio.h #includemath.h main() { int i=0,x=0;char b; printf(Please enter an integer); do {b=getchar(); x=pow(10,i)*b+x;i++;} while (b=1b=9); printf(%d,x); return 0; } Today’s Objectives introduction Function: definition, declaration and call Parameters and return value Program with functions Standard Library Functions What is a Function? Function in math: y=f(x); y=sin(x); y=(a*b); In Early computer program: macro; routine; subroutine; procedure; A small machine that transforms the data it receives into a finished product (x1,x2,…,xn) function ? y Function: definition; declaration and call Function declaration: Define the prototype of a function Function Definition : write a function name, parameter list, a set of instructions Calling a function: set the value of parameters and execute the function. Return and continue the original executing afterwards. Function prototypes The declaration statement for a function is referred to as a function prototype Declare the name of a function Declares the data type of the value that will be directly returned by the func