东华大学机械原理课件 机构的结构分析第一节.ppt

Chapter 4. Cams and Its Design Sun Zhihong Zhsun@dhu.edu.cn108 Today’s topics Characteristics of cam mechanisms? 凸轮机构的特点 Classification and application of cam mechanisms 凸轮机构的分类及应用 The follower’s motion type 从动件的运动形式 What is a cam mechanism? A system/mechanism that uses a cam(凸轮) and a follower(从动件) to create a specific motion.? In most cases, the cam is merely a flat piece of metal that has an unusual shape or profile(轮廓).? The cam is attached to a shaft(轴) which enable it to be turned by applying a turning action to the shaft.? As the cam rotates, it is the profile or shape of the cam that causes the follower to move in a particular way.? The movement of the follower is then transmitted(传递) to another mechanism or another part of the mechanism. Advantages of cam mechanisms Simple and compact(简单、紧凑) – there only three links, cam(凸轮), follower (从动件), frame(机架). Sometimes, there is a roller(滚子). The follower can precisely realize any type motion. Example Disadvantages of cam mechanisms Higher pair(高副), line contact or point contact(线或点接触) Can’t transfer(传递) large power. Function Continuous turning motion →translating(往复移动) or oscillating(摆动) motion. Example Application of cam mechanism Camshaft （凸轮轴）of an Engine incorporating a Rocker Arm（摆臂）: The diagram shown right is a typical cam and follower system that could be used in an engine.? This system incorporates a rocker arm (shown in blue in the image).? In this case the motion that the cam imparts on the follower is translated to the valve through a push rod and the rocker arm. Dobby 多臂提花机 Feeder of Automatic Machine Tools自动机床的进刀机构 园柱凸轮回转→滚子带动推杆往复摆动→刀架的进刀和退刀 Classification of cam mechanism凸轮机构的分类 By the cam shape(按凸轮形状分) By the follower shape(按从动件类型分) By the follower’s motion type(按从动件运动形式分) By the manner of keeping the cam and the follower in contact(按从动件与凸轮的锁合方式分) Edge, plate or face cams 盘状凸轮 Translating cams 移动凸轮 Cylindrical or drum cams 圆柱凸轮 By the follower end’s shapeKnife-edge