东华大学机械原理课件 平面机构的运动分析第一节.ppt

Chapter 1 Structure Analysis机构的结构分析 Sun Zhihong Zhsun@dhu.edu.cnMain Topics The composition of machine 机器的组成 Kinematic diagram 机构运动简图 The composition of machine Machine（机器）- mechanisms（机构）- links （构件）- machine elements（机器零件） Machine 牛头刨床 颚式破碎机电影放映机 2.Mechanisms(机构) Four-bar linkage mechanism Gear and gear train Cam mechanism Other commonly used mechanism Combined mechanism Links(构件) Links are the basic kinematic elements of? machine. Sometimes, an machine element is a link and acts as an independent unit。 Machine elements(机器零件) Machine elements are the basic elements of manufacture. Every machine is composed of many machine elements. Cam, gear are machine elements. 4. Kinematic pair(运动副) In order to transmit and transform motion, every link must be kept permanently connected with other links by some kind of connection and have motion relative to them. Such kind of connection is called a kinematic pair. Higher pair Cam pair Gear pair Lower pair Sliding pair revolute pair(joint) Kinematic chain(运动链) Opened chain Closed chain The composition of machine Kinematic diagram Representation of kinematic pairs Representation of links in kinematic pairs Special symbols for commonly used mechanisms Kinematic diagram of a mechanism 2. Kinematic diagram 5. Procedures of drawing kinematic diagram 搞清机械的实际构造、动作原理和运动情况，确定原动件、机架、传动部件和执行部件。??? 沿运动传递路线，逐一分析每两个构件之间相对运动的性质，确定运动副的类型和数目。??? 恰当选择运动简图的视图平面，通常选择机械中多数构件的运动平面为视图平面。??? 选择恰当的作图比例尺。??? 确定各运动副的相对位置，用各运动副的代表符号、常用机构运动简图符号和简单线条，绘制机构运动简图。??? 在原动件上标出箭头以表示其运动方向。 Kinematic diagram Example 1: Kinematic diagram Example 2: Today’s Homework Please find at least two kinds of mechanisms around you or you used in your daily life, and draw their kinematic diagrams. * * 内燃机 Machine Elements （机器零件） Rigid connection (刚性联结) Links （构件） Kinematic pairs （运动副） Kinematic chain （运动链） Frame, driving link, driven link （机架、主动件、从动件） Mechanism （机构） Representation of kin