烤烟小棚漂浮育苗关键技术研究-种植业领域专业毕业论文.docxVIP

捅矍玉溪市对烤烟漂浮育苗的试验研究始于1998年，2000年开始大面积推广。2003年全市推广 捅矍 玉溪市对烤烟漂浮育苗的试验研究始于1998年，2000年开始大面积推广。2003年全市推广 烤烟漂浮育苗己达80％以上，特别是烤烟小棚漂浮育苗，适合玉溪市烟农育苗的实际。但是，对 育苗技术仍然缺乏系统的研究和总结。本论文以红花大金元、K326、云烟85，云烟87为材料， 对小拱棚漂浮育苗的相关技术环节进行了系统的研究。试验发现： 烤烟小棚漂浮育苗包衣种包衣倍率宜控制在80倍以下；筛选出了以草炭、膨胀珍珠岩、腐 殖质、蛭石为主要成分的五种基质配方；光照强度对幼苗生长有影响，适宜光照强度调控措施为： 初期(播种至烟苗2片真叶，适宜光照4000—10000LAx)，棚膜上覆盖两层遮光率75％遮阳网；中 期：烟苗2—4片真叶，适宜光照(10000—18000LAX)，将遮阳网揭去一层；后期(烟苗5片真叶 后适宜光照12000—30000LAX)，完全揭去遮阳网：基质装盘后抛压3次对烟苗山苗效果最好；播 种深度对旋根率和存活率影响较大，播种深度以2毫米为宜；剪叶2次为宣，过重剪叶易抑制烟 苗生K，增加人为传病毒机会，过轻剪叶易形成高脚苗、早花，不利于培育烤烟壮苗：漂浮育苗 烟苗素质明显优于常规苗，移栽大田后现蕾期和成熟期略为延迟，但平均亩产量和亩产值有所提 高；在不同pH对烤烟小棚漂浮育苗的试验中，营养液的pH值以7．0为最佳；漂浮育苗与常规营 养土育臼相比，病虫害明显较少；通过试验对烤烟小棚漂浮育苗各个时期的管理要求更加明确， 同时对整个育苗期的水分管理和施肥要求得出了定量指标。此外，本文还对实际推广中的具体措 施和存在的问题作了阐述，并对推广中的成功经验和存在的问题作了进一步分析。 关键词：烟草，漂浮育苗 AbstractResearch Abstract Research of Floating System of flue—cured tobacco began in 1998 in Yuxi and the technology expended widely in 2000．In 2003，the expand rate of it reached 80％in the whole city．Therefore， Floating System of the flue-cured tobacco was the most important in of seedling technology in Yunxi， in the Yunnan Province．Most im!∞rtant，the skills ofdeveloping seedlings in small hutch adapt to real situation offarmers who plant tobacco in Yuxi city． The study conducted during the climax of expansion of Floating System of flue-cured tobacco． And it was the sununary that based the early liRle canopy Floating system seedling technology．It focused the technology of little canopy Floating System of flue-cured tobacco during the expansion in Yuxi．The whole experiment was done in two years．From Feb to Jul，in 2003，the experiment was conducted in the flue-cured tobacco of breeding base of Jiangchuan Country,Yuxi City while it was in seedling base offlue—cured tobacco in Hongta tower district，Yuxi City and technology garden ofcollege of Yuxi agricultural occupation and technology from Feb to Jul，in 2004．The experimental varieties were Honghuadajinyuan，，K326，Yunyan85，Yunyan87．Results showed that the best coated rate o