八面体氧化亚铜纳米晶体的制备和表征 毕业论文.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 17 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc322703793 1. 引言 PAGEREF _Toc322703793 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc322703794 2. 实验部分 PAGEREF _Toc322703794 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc322703795 2.1 实验仪器和试剂 PAGEREF _Toc322703795 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc322703796 2.2 实验步骤 PAGEREF _Toc322703796 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc322703797 2.2 表征 PAGEREF _Toc322703797 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc322703798 3. 结果与讨论 PAGEREF _Toc322703798 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc322703799 3.2 制备条件对产物形貌的影响 PAGEREF _Toc322703799 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc322703800 3.2.1 CTAB用量对产物的影响 PAGEREF _Toc322703800 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc322703801 3.2.2 表面活性剂种类对产物的影响 PAGEREF _Toc322703801 \h 7 HYPERLINK \l _Toc322703802 3.2.4 氯化铜和氢氧化钠摩尔比对产物的影响 PAGEREF _Toc322703802 \h 9 HYPERLINK \l _Toc322703803 3.2.5 氯化铜和水合肼摩尔比对产物的影响 PAGEREF _Toc322703803 \h 11 HYPERLINK \l _Toc322703804 4. 结论 PAGEREF _Toc322703804 \h 12 八面体氧化亚铜纳米晶体的制备和表征 摘 要：本文采用水合肼还原法成功制备出了正八面体氧化亚铜纳米晶体，并利用X射线衍射（XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等方法对产物进行了表征，确定了在常压条件下制备正八面体氧化亚铜纳米晶体的最佳反应条件。通过常压下的单因素实验，结果发现常压下制备氧化亚铜的主要影响因素有反应温度、表面活性剂的种类和用量，氯化铜和氢氧化钠的摩尔比以及氯化铜和水合肼的摩尔比等，得出常压下制备正八面体氧化亚铜纳米晶体的最佳实验条件为:反应温度20℃，以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为分散剂，用量为800毫克,且反应起始氯化铜和氢氧化钠摩尔比为1：6、氯化铜和水合肼摩尔比为1:17.6，得到产品的颜色为砖红色，产物较纯净，粒径在12.7nm左右。 关键词：氧化亚铜；水合肼还原法；正八面体；分散剂 Preparation and Characterization of Octahedral Cuprous Oxide nanocrystals Abstract: Nano-sized octahedral Cuprous Oxide was prepared by the method of deoxidized by hydration hydrazine. The products was analyzed and characterized by using XRD, SEM and so on. The optional reaction condition of preparing cuprous oxide is confirmed. The results of sing-factor experiments in constant pressure showed that the main factor which influenced the products are reaction temperature, dispersants and their quantity mole ratio of reactants and so on. The optimal experiment conditions in constant pressure:20℃ as temperature ,CTAB as dispersant, and the dosage of dispersant is 800 milligrams ,and the quantity mole ratio of copper chloride and sodium hydroxide is 1:6, th