旅游环境解说---理论与实践复习.pptVIP

Environment Interpretation Orientation and Introduction 前言 Benefits of Interpretation 解说的益处（作用） Educational Benefit: 教育作用 Recreational Benefits：娱乐作用 Inspirational Benefits：激励和鼓舞的作用 Benefits to Society 对社会有益 Summary Chapter 1 . Origin and Development of Tourism Environment Interpretation Definition of Interpretation 解说定义 2. Interpretation Roots 2.1 Interpretation in China 2.2 Interpretation in North America 2.2.1 Figures 人物 (1) Enos Mills (1870-1922) (2) Charles M. Goethe (3) Ansel Hall （4）Freeman Tilden（1883-1980） Slide 美国国家解说协会是由哪两个协会合并而成？ Chapter 2 Theoretical Bases and Principles of Interpretation 解说理论基础和原则 Reading: Ham, S. 1992. Environment interpretation- A practical Guide. P 4-8 Mr. Jones’ story 解说和课堂教学的区别？ 1 Receiving and Processing Information and Ideas. 解说认知4种形态，3种领域 （three domains ） 中英文都要记 2. Major Learning Theories and useful strategies 2.1 Cognitive Development Theory 认知发展理论 2.2 Social cognition theory 社会认知理论 2.3 Moral Development Theory 道德发展理论* slide 33 2.4 Constructive Learning or Meaning making 构建性学习或发现意义 3. Interpretive programs and strategies Flow learning （顺流学习法) ,stages 4. Principals for interpretation 解说原则 Freeman Tilden concluded six principles Chapter 3 Interpreters and Audience 2. Audience 2.1 Segmenting Demand 细分需求 2.2 Visitor preference(偏好） studies 2.3 Knowledge of the Audience Old Adults Three most common ailments: Arthritis（关节炎） Hearing loss （听力衰退） Visual impairment（视力下降） Chapter 4 . The Methods of Environmental  Interpretive Exhibition and Conveying  环境解说展示设计及传达方法 4.1 Writing for Interpretation 4.1.1 How to write a theme statement Theme should be: 主题应该: 4.1.2 Being Thematic in Writing Presentation 解说与一般的小说、故事的不同 4.1.3 Writing Techniques for Effective Interpretation( 解说写作技巧） 如何写好解说词 Three prerequisites(前提,先决条件) to writing require you to 1 know the purpose 了解目的 2 Know the audience 了解观众 3 know the subject 了解科目 4.2 Signs And Exhibits 好的标识和展示：Good exhibi