肠内营养在神经内科危重患者的疗效及护理探讨.docVIP

肠内营养在神经内科危重患者的疗效及护理探讨 (武汉大学中南医院综合医疗科湖北武汉430071) 【摘要】目的：探讨神经内科危重症患者肠内营养的临床效果及护理体会。 方法:选取于2015年1月至2016年1月在我院祌级内科收治并诊断的危重症患 者92例，给予肠内营养及护理。比较患者治疗前后体内总蛋白、白蛋白、血红 蛋白、尿素氮的变化情况。结果：与治疗前比较，治疗后患者血清总蛋白、白蛋 白、血红蛋白上升，尿素氮水平下降，差异有显著性统计学意义(P0.01),而 并发症的总发生率为5.43%,行对症治疗及护理后明显好转。结论：对神经内科 危重症患者进行安全有效的肠内营养方案及护理，可以显著提高患者免疫力及抵 抗力。 【关键词】肠内营养；危重患者；神经内科 【中图分类号】R73.74 【文献标识码】B 【文章编号】2095-1752 (2016) 30-0290-02 The effect and nursing of enteral nutrition in the critically ill patients in the Department of Internal Medicine Shi Hong mei Integrated Medical Branch,Zhongnan hospital of wuhan university 43007,China 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the clinical effect and nursing experience of enteral nutrition in critically ill patients in the Department of internal medicine. Method 92 cases of critically ill patients admitted and diagnosed in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2016 were treated with enteral nutrition and nursing. The changes of total protein, albumin, hemoglobin and urea nitrogen were compared before and after treatment. Result Compared with before treatment, after treatment, the serum total protein, albumin, haemoglobin rises, urea nitrogen content decreased, the difference is significant (P lt; 0.01), and complications of the total incidence rate was 5.43%, symptomatic treatment and nursing significantly improved. Conclusion The safety and effectiveness of enteral nutrition program and nursing care of critically ill patients in the Department of internal medicine can significantly improve the immunity and resistance of the patients. 【Key words］ Enteral nutrition; Critically ill patients; Neurological Department of Internal Medicine 神经内科危重症患者由于神经系统障碍，导致患者昏迷，无法自主进食，机 体出现极度消耗状态［1-2］,从而出现营养缺乏、代谢紊乱、免疫力下降，甚至多 器官衰竭。因此，这类患者需要给予足够、有效的肠内营养，本研究旨在探讨神 经内科危重患者运用肠内营养的临床效果及护理体会，先总结如下。 资料与方法 1.1 一般资料 选取于2015年1月至2016年1月在我院神级内科收治并诊断的危重症患者 92例，均有不同程度的脑损伤、昏迷、进食障碍。所有疾病都符合诊断标准， 排除影响吸收的消化道疾病。表1。 表1 一般情况分析 1.2方法 所有患者于确诊治疗后48小吋内开始肠内营养支持［3］，肠内营养混悬液（雅 培制药有限公司批准文号：。通过鼻胃管，流量由少逐渐增加，连 续运用10