课件：连续性肾替代治疗CRRT.ppt

THANK YOU SUCCESS * * 可编辑 * The transport of a molecule through a membrane is governed primarily by its molecular weight. Generally, the more a molecule weighs, the larger it is in size and the more resistant it is to transport. The chart gives an indication of relative molecular weights for some of the common molecules that we are concerned with in CRRT. Molecular weights are measured in units called daltons. urea, electrolytes, creatinine - “small” molecules vitamin B12, inulin - “middle” molecules beta 2, albumin - “large” molecules * There are a number of key scientific principles used to accomplish the goals of CRRT. They are listed here and before we discuss the individual therapies, I would like to review them. Understanding the principles of diffusion, ultrafiltration, convection and adsorption will clarify which therapy will best produce the desired outcome whether used alone or in combination. * This slide illustrates the process of ultrafiltration. We now have two cups of fluid. Each cup contains two compartments separated by a semipermeable membrane. The cup on the left illustrates how the exertion of a positive pressure on the left compartment will PUSH fluid from that compartment to the one on the right. Similarly, looking at the cup on the right side of the slide, a negative pressure applied to the right compartment will PULL fluid from the compartment on the left into that on the right. How does this work in continuous therapies? * To illustrate the principle of diffusion, picture a cup of water as seen here on the slide. In the cup on the left, a quantity of salt is poured. The salt gradually diffuses through the water from the high salt concentration area to the low salt concentration area until it is evenly distributed. A uniformly salty solution is created as seen in the cup on the right. * To illustrate convection, we go back to the use of the cups. The cup now has a concentrated solution on one side of the semipermeable mem