施肥对沙打旺根系提水及生理特性的影响-草业科学专业毕业论文.docxVIP

兰州人学硕I学ft论文 兰州人学硕I学ft论文 施肥xt沙打叮根系捉水及生理}，。r|的彬『恂 中文摘要 干旱环境下植物和水分的关系一直是植物生理与生态学领域研究的重点问题，植 物根系提水作用研究在逐渐增多，而有关施肥对根系提水影响的研究报道较少。本实 验采用上下桶分根法，通过向下桶施肥来研究施肥对沙打旺(Astragalus adsurgens)根系 提水作用能力、沙打旺生理特性及上桶土壤养分活性的影响。主要结论如下： 1．沙打旺根系提水量随施肥量的增加而增加；在上桶不浇水的情况下，高肥处理 组上桶伴生的浅根植物草地早熟禾在干旱胁迫时间较短时较对照组生长正常。 2．施肥促进了沙打旺根系的生长发育和生理活性。高肥组沙打旺整株根系鲜重、 干重及根体积均比对照显著增加，增加了下桶根系吸水和上桶释水量。施肥使得沙打 旺组织水势也有所提高。 3．施肥提高了沙打旺根系提水效率，缓解了沙打旺干旱下的水分亏缺程度，因而 提高了沙打旺的光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度，有利于更多的光合产物的积累，提 高了逆境适应性。 4．脯氨酸和可溶性糖作为渗透调节物质，在沙打旺水分亏缺状态下，随施肥量的 增加而升高，提高了沙打旺的渗透调节能力。 5．根系提水对上桶土壤养分有明显的活化作用，且施肥增加了活化的程度。根系 提水量最大时，低肥和高肥处理的上桶土壤速效磷分别比对照增加13．9％和33．2％， 速效钾分别增加20．4％和22．8％。且低肥和高肥处理的上桶土壤呼吸速率分别比对照 增加14．9％和51．4％，有机质含量分别下降17．8％和19．6％。 关键词：沙打旺；施肥；根系提水；生理特性 兰J’I1人学硼l学付论文 兰J’I1人学硼l学付论文 施H巴对沙打旰根系捉水及个胖特f，}的影响 Abstract The relationship between plant and water under drought condition is the main research field of plant physiologist and plant ecologist．More and more researches are focused on plant root hydraulic lift；however，few researches about the effects of fertilization on root hydraulic lift were reported by now．In this research，the effects of fertilization on root hydraulic liR，physiological characteristics and soil nutrition activity of Astragalus adsurgens in upper basin was investigated through root dividing method by supplying different quantity of fertilization to down parts of roots．The main results were as follows： 1．The water volume of hydraulic lift increased with the increase of fertilizer supplying．Poa pratensis L planted in upper basin without irrigation grew better than contr01． 2．The growth and physiology activity of roots in Astragalus adsurgens were promoted by fertilization．The fresh weight，dry weight and volume of roots of Astragalus adsurgens were enhanced with more fertilizer compared with control treatment，which increased ability of roots to absorb deep soil water and to release water to upper dry soil． Also，fertilization enhanced water potential in Astragalus adsurgens’roots and leaves． 3．Fertilization increased the