论里根总统第一任期内的财政政策-世界史专业论文.docxVIP

策实践中成功的经验和失败的教训。总的来说，美国财政政策的转变 策实践中成功的经验和失败的教训。总的来说，美国财政政策的转变 都伴随着重要的宏观经济环境变化以及相应的经济理论思想的发展， 每次转变都顺应和适应了时代发展的要求，反映了经济理论和政策实 践的交融和深化。但是，在政策的具体操作过程中，由于人们认知能 力(受主流的经济思想、信息来源、分析技术是否完善等因素的影响) 的有限性以及复杂的政治决策过程，财政政策作用的方向、力度和时 机的选择均很难把握。因此，在一个不确定的世界里，财政政策总会 面对政策失灵的考验。就此而言，美国财政政策的实践尽管有若干成 功经验可资借鉴，但也会有很多的教训要吸取。 关键词：里根总统；财政政策；减税；平衡预算 ● ★、- U ABSTRACTWorld—wide ABSTRACT World—wide fiscal policies took great changes during the decade of 1980’ s．The common feature of these policies was that government’ s role in economy was weakened． It occurred in Reagan time USA， Thatcher time Briton， reform and opening policy China， Latin American countries from Chile in the south to Mexico in the north， large areas as whole Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union and so on． In America， for example， the then Reagan’ s government tried to dispel some troublesome economic problems by reducing its inflation， the rate of tax and non—defense expense， it contrasted with Keynes’ s emphasis on demand which is general ly called as “Economics of Supplies’’ by scholars in the world． Actually， its basic theory can be tracked down to Adam Smith’ s issue “The Wealth of Nations” published at the end of 18th century and also the people’ s viewpoints of fisca】 p01icy before Keynes． This paper tries to focus on other people’ s researches on American fiscal policies especially during Reagan’ s tenures for the pLlrpose of absorbing and referring to their results in the study of American fiscal policies．0n the other hand， this _ ，墨 paper tries to find out what other people lacked and what they haven’ t involved in the stLIdy of this area and at the same time to express its own view about it． Recalling briefly American traditional balance budget since 1930’ s， this paper foc LIses on Reagan government’ s IⅡ efforts efforts during his first tenure managing to change from deficit budget trace to balance budget trace and its results as well． It is the fact that economic theory，policy theory and practical theor