列管式固定床反应器内部流场模拟-化工过程机械专业论文.docxVIP

摘要列管式固定床反应器在石油化工工业中应用广泛，反应器的操作性能与其传 摘要 列管式固定床反应器在石油化工工业中应用广泛，反应器的操作性能与其传 热方式、反应介质流体流动以及其内部温度分布密切相关。合理的结构和适宜的 内部流场和温度场的分布可以减少返混与短路，提高反应器的效率并减少副反应 发生。 本文运用计算流体力学方法模拟了列管式固定床反应器的整体流场，形成了 一套针对列管式固定床反应器进行FLUENT模拟的一般方法。论文分别就反应 器管程进出口的结构和管径、内部导流板的设置及其形式等因素对流场的影响进 行了系统地分析评价，确定了影响列管式固定床反应器流场分布的主要因素。对 本课题所研究的列管式固定床反应器而言，进口方式和导流板的形式是影响列管 式固定床反应器性能的主要因素。 计算结果表明：切向进料比径向进料流体分布更均匀、低速比高速流体分布 均匀、管箱设置适合的导流板可使流体分布更加均匀。流体的分布主要依赖予上 管箱，不同导流板的形式对反应器流场分布有很大的影响；下管箱对流体的分布 有一定的影响，采用径向出口并适当的增加下管箱的高度对流场的均匀分布更加 有利，而且下管箱设置导流板意义不是很大。 论文通过大量的模拟计算和综合分析优化，最终确定了相对优化的反应器放 大设计结构方案。 关键词：列管式固定床反应器，优化设计，CFD模拟，导流板，均匀分布 、 h ‘、 ABSTRACTTubular ABSTRACT Tubular fixed—bed reactor is widely used in the petrochemical industry,the performance of tubular fixed-bed reactor is closely related with the heat transfer mode， fluid flow of reaction medium and the distribution of heat in the reactor．Rational structure and uniform distribution of flow field and suitable temperature field call reduce back mixing and short—circuit，promote efficiency of the reactor and reduce the side reactions． ’ In this paper,the flow field of the tubular fixed-bed reactor is simulated use the computational fluid dynamics method，formed a set of general method for the tubular fixed bed reactor with FLUENT simulation．The paper analyses and evaluates the flow filed from the elements of structure and diameter of import and expog and setting and forms of the flow deflector systematically,finally determines the main elements which affect the distribution of the tubular fixed．bed reactor．For the fixed-bed reactor which studies in this paper the main factors affect the performance are the import mode and the form of the flow deflector． The results show that：tangential inlet is better than radial inlet；low—speed fluid has better result than high—speed；an additional flow deflector will get more uniform distribution．The distribution of the flow field is mainly depend on the upper head, distribution of the flow filed in the reactor was great effected of